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Federalism & Centre-State — UPSC Prelims Polity previous year questions — page 2

113 solved previous year questions on Federalism & Centre-State, papers from 1993 to 2023, drawn from UPPCS, State PCS, UPSC CDS. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #41State PCS 1996
   Consider the following statements in relation to Governor of a State in India- 1. He must be a citizen of India by birth. 2. Must have completed the age of 35 years. 3. He must be eligible to be a member of the Lok Sabha. 4. He may be appointed as Governor for two or more states.Which of these is/are correct?
   • A1 and 2 are correct
   • B1, 2 and 3 are correct
   • C3 and 4 are correct
   • D2 and 4 are correct
   Answer: (D) 2 and 4 are correct
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct 1 is incorrect: The Constitution lays down qualifications for the appointment of a person as One of them is: He should be a citizen of it is not specified that he must be citizen of India 2 is correct: Second qualifications for of a person as a governor is: He must the age of 35 3 is incorrect: 'He must be eligible to member of the Lok Sabha' is not mentioned in There is no such provision. However, stands true in case of 4 is correct: Usually, there is a governor state, but the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act facilitated the appointment of the same person as for two or more states

2. #42State PCS 2013
   Consider the following and select the correct answer by using the code given below: 1. The Governor shall take oath or affirmation before entering upon his office. 2. The format of oath or affirmation is given in the Third Schedule of Indian Constitution. 3. The Governor shall make and subscribe to the oath or affirmation in the presence of Chief Justice of the High Court or in his absence senior most Judge of that Court. 4. The process of oath and affirmation is given in Article 159 of Indian Constitution. Code
   • A(1), (2) and (3)
   • B(1), (3) and (4)
   • C(1) (2) and (4)
   • D(1), (2), (3) and (4)
   Answer: (B) (1), (3) and (4)
   Explanation

   Option bis the correct 1, 3 and 4 are correct: Article 159 deals or affirmation by Governor. Before entering upon the governor has to make and subscribe to an affirmation. The Governor shall make and the oath or affirmation in the presence of Chief the High Court or in his absence senior most Judge Court. In his oath, the governor swears: (a) to the office; (b) to preserve, protect and defend and the law; and (c) to devote himself to and well-being of the people of the 2 is incorrect: The format of oath or not given in the Third Schedule of Indian third Schedule contains the "Forms of Oaths of various constitutional posts. oaths or Affirmations for the post of Governor are not included in this schedule. Important Tips The third schedule of the Indian Constitution contains the forms of oath and affirmation for: Union Ministers of India The candidates for election to the Parliament The Mem

3. #43State PCS 1998
   Who is the topmost civilian officer in Government of India?
   • AHome Secretary
   • BDefence Secretary
   • CCabinet Secretary
   • DLt. Governor of Delhi
   Answer: (C) Cabinet Secretary
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct Cabinet Secretary is the top-most executive official civil servant of the Government of India. functionaries like Defence Secretary, Home Lt. Governor comes below the Cabinet Secretary in of preference. Important Tips The Cabinet secretary is the head of all civil services in India and is the senior-most IAS officer of the country. A cabinet secretary has many responsibilities, and the person holding the position is also the ex-officio head of the civil services. He is directly accountable to the prime ministers and heads various country authorities. The Cabinet secretary is answerable to the prime minister and the president and vice-president of the country where he should pass on all the major information of the decisions made by the cabinet and its activities to the head of the country

4. #44Previous year
   Which of the following is not related to the powers of the Governor? [CDS HJ
   • ADiplomatic and Military powers
   • BPmver of appoint Advocate General
   • CSummoning, proroguing and dissolving State Legislature
   • DPower to grant pardons, reprieves. respites or remission of punishments
   Answer: (A) Diplomatic and Military powers
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct answer A governor possesses executive, legislative, financial, an judicial powers However, he has no diplomatic, military or emergency powers like the president Important Tip The Governor is the constitutional head of the State Government. He plays a two-fold function as the constitutional head of the State Government and as a link between the Centre and the state government. The Governor of a State is appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal. Articles 153 says that three should be a Governor for each state. But under the 7th Amendment Act, 1956, the same person can be appointed as Governor of one or more States. Following are the powers and duties performed by Governor in states, they are as follows: (i) They have power to appoint Advocate General, (ii) They can summoning, proroguing and dissolving State Legislature, ( ) They have power to gr

5. #45UPSC CDS 2018
   Which of the following statements about the ordinance making power of the Governor is/are Correct? 1. It is a discretionary power 2. The Governor himself is not competent to withdraw the ordinance at any time.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
   • AOnly 1
   • BOnly 2
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2
   Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct answer Ordinance making power of the governor is not a discretionary power, rather it comes under legislative power of a governor (option l is incorrect) The governor is himself competent to withdraw the ordinance at any time. (option 2 is incorrect)

6. #46UPSC CAPF 2020
   The Governor of a state may exercise discretionary powers when he or she is not convinced by the advice of the Council of Ministers. 2. the Constitution requires him/her to act in his/her discretion in certain matters. 3. he or she is appointed as the administrator of an adjoining Union Territory. Select the correct answer using the codes given below
   • A1, 2 and 3
   • B1 and 2 only
   • C2 and 3 only
   • D3 only
   Answer: (A) 1, 2 and 3
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct 1 is correct- The governor may powers, ifhe/ she is not convinced by the the Council of Ministers. For example, the Governor to give assent to a bill passed by the state legislature believes that the bill is unconstitutional or to the interests of the 2 is correct- The Constitution of India matters in which the Governor has which includes appointing the Chief Minister of approving the appointment of ministers, state legislature, and giving assent to bills passed state 3 is correct- In cases where the Governor as the administrator of an adjoining they have the power to exercise in the administration of that territory

7. #47UPSC CAPF 2018
   Which one of the following Commissions has not examined the issue of removal of the Governor of a State?
   • ASarkaria Commission
   • BThakkar Commission
   • CVenkatachaliah Commission
   • DPunchhi Commission
   Answer: (B) Thakkar Commission
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct Thakkar Commission was appointed in 1984 the assassination of Indira Gandhi, to by the security and medical staff, and to involvement of foreign agencies. I

8. #48UPSC CAPF 2014
   Which of the following is/are correct regarding the office of Governor in India? 1. One Governor can act as Governor of more than one state. 2. The Governor has the power to grant pardons, reprieves, of Punishment to persons convicted under The State Law. 3. The Governor is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Chief Minister of the respective state.Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Codes
   • A1 and 2
   • B1, 2 and 3
   • C2 and 3
   • DOnly 1
   Answer: (A) 1 and 2
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct I is correct: According to Article 153 of of India, there can be a common two or more states. This provision allows for of a Governor who can act as the Governor 2 is correct: The Governor has the power pardons, reprieves, and remission of persons convicted under the State Law. This power in Article 161 of the Constitution of 3 is incorrect: The Governor is not the President on the recommendation of the Chief AND Minister. The Governor is appointed by the President of procedures of the government and defines its and the appointment is made by the President based with the people. The constitution also lays down the advice of the Union Council of Ministers. The Chief principles and values that guide the actions and decisions of the respective state does not have a role in the the government and its of the Governor. Statement 3 is incorrect: A constitutional governme

9. #49State PCS 2002
   Who prorogues the Vidhan Sabha of a State?
   • AGovernor
   • BVidhan Sabha Speaker
   • CChief Minister
   • DLaw Minister
   Answer: (A) Governor
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct Governor is the authority who prorogues the of a State. Prorogation is the act of terminating of the Vidhan Sabha by an order of the Governor. Important Tips Prorogation ends both the sitting and the session of the House. Usually, within a few days after the House is adjourned sine die (without fixing a date for reassembly) by the Speaker, the Governor issues a notification for prorogation of the session Prorogation does not affect the bills or motions pending in the House, which can be taken up in the next session

10. #50State PCS 2004
    The 'Contingency Fund' of the State is operated by
    • AThe Governor of the State
    • BThe Chief Minister of the State
    • CThe State Finance Minister
    • DNone of the above
    Answer: (A) The Governor of the State
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Governor of the State can make advances from Fund of the State, which is Article 267 (2) of the Constitution, to meet expenditure, pending authorisation by the The corpus of the fund varies across states quantum is decided by the State legislatures. Important Tips The Contingency Fund of India is a fund that is placed at the disposal of the President of India, who can make advances out of it to meet unforeseen expenditure pending its authorisation by the Parliament. The fund is administered by the Finance Secretary (Department of Economic Affairs) on behalf of the President of India and it can be operated by executive action. The fund was established under Article 267 (1) of the Indian Constitution and in 1950, the Indian Parliament enacted the Contingency Fund of India Act 1950. The fund was raised from Rs. 50 crores to Rs 500 crore in 2005

11. #51CGPSC 2021
    In the following questions, there are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion and other is labelled as Reason Assertion (A): The courts are barred from enquiring into the advice rendered by the ministers to the Governor. Reason There is no provision in the Indian Constitution for the system of legal responsibility of the ministers in the States. In the context of the above two statements which of the following is correct?
    • ABoth Assertion and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion
    • BBoth Assertion and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not correct explanation of Assertion
    • CAssertion is true, but Reason (R) is false
    • DAssertion is false, but Reason (R) is true
    Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is correct explanation of Assertion
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct is correct: Article 163 of the India reads: The question of whether any and if so was tendered by Ministers to the Governor shall inquired into in any (R) is correct: There is no provision in the for the system of legal responsibility of in the States. Therefore, Both Assertion Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is the of Assertion (A)

12. #52Previous year
    What is correct about the State Legislative Council? (i) Its tenure is 6 years (ii) It is a permanent House ( ) It cannot be dissolved (iv) 1/6 members are elected by local institutions (v) 1/6 members are elected by legislative assembly (vi) Every two years 1/3 members are retired (vii) Deputy Governor is the Chairman of House (viii) The tenure of its members is 6 years Code: [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2015)
    • A(i), ( ), (iv), (v)
    • B( ), (vi), (vii), (viii)
    • C(ii), ( ), (vi), (viii)
    • D(ii), (iv), (i), (viii) (e) (i), ( ), (vii)
    Answer: (C) (ii), ( ), (vi), (viii)
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 1 Statement l is incorrect: The tenure of the State is not six years, but its members have a term of 2 is correct: Unlike the State Legislative can be dissolved by the Governor on the advice of Minister, the State Legislative Council is a It is not subject to 3 is correct: State Legislative Council cannot It continues to exist and functions as a even during times of political upheaval or 4 is incorrect: One-third (not of the House to be elected by electorates members of municipalities, district boards and such authorities in the State as Parliament may by law 5 is incorrect: One-third (not to be elected by the members of the of the State from amongst persons who are of the 6 is correct: As per the Constitution, one-third members of the State Legislative Council retire years. This arrangement ensures a continuous members and prevents a complete overhaul of the 7

13. #53Previous year
    As per of the Constitution of India which one of the following is correct? [CAPF 2020)
    • AOnly Parliament has the power to legislate over a subject under the Concurrent list
    • BBoth Parliament and State Legislatures have the power to legislate over a subject under the Concurrent list
    • CA legislation made under the Concurrent list by Parliament should be ratified by half of the State Legislatures so as to become a law of the country
    • DOnly State Legislatures are empowered to make laws under Concurrent list
    Answer: (B) Both Parliament and State Legislatures have the power to legislate over a subject under the Concurrent list
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Constitution of India provides for the division between central and state government. The provides for three list- State List, Central List, List. Out of the three list, the Concurrent subjects on which both the Parliament and State Legislature (state legislate independently and concurrently. Important Tips Subjects under the Central List: Defense and armed forces Foreign affairs and international relations Atomic energy Currency, coinage, and legal tender Railways Airports and airways Interstate trade and commerce Banking and financial institutions Taxes on income other than agricultural income Subjects under the State List: Police and public order Public health and sanitation Agriculture and irrigation Fisheries Local government Public works Public entertainment Land and land revenue Education at the state level Subjects under the Concurrent List: Criminal law a

14. #54UPSC CDS 2021
    Which one of the following is not correct?
    • ATaxes on agricultural income is a subject under the State List
    • BPrice control is a subject under the Concurrent List
    • CInsurance does not come under the Union List
    • D'Forests' is a subject under the Concurrent List
    Answer: (C) Insurance does not come under the Union List
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct is a subject that comes under the Union 43 and 47) of the Indian Constitution. The has the authority to make laws related Important Tips State List: It contains subjects on which the state governments have the exclusive power to make laws and regulations. It includes matters such as public health, police, publi order, local government, agriculture, state taxes, land and land reforms, education, and public libraries. The State List consists of a total of 59 subjects listed under Schedule VII of the Indian Constitution. Union List: The Union List contains subjects on which the central government has exclusive authority to make laws and regulations. It includes matters such as defense, foreign affairs, atomic energy, banking, currency, railways, airways, communication, and inter-state trade and commerce. The Union List consists of a total of 98 subjects listed under

15. #55UPSC CDS 2018
    Which one of the following is not considered a part Legislature of States?
    • AThe Governor
    • BThe Legislative Assembly
    • CThe Legislative Council
    • DThe Chief Minister State
    Answer: (D) The Chief Minister State
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct answer The legislature of states involve Governor, Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. Under article 164 of the Indian constitution chief minister shall be appointed by the governor. Important Tips Part VI of the Constitution containing Articles 153 to 167 deals with the government in the States. The state executive consists of the Governor, the Chief Minister, the Council of Minister and the Advocate General of the state

16. #56UPSC CDS 2014
    The legislative power of the Parliament includes making laws 1. On matters not enumerated in the Concurrent List and State list. 2. In respect of entries in State List if two or more State Legislatures consider it desirable 3. For implementing any treaty agreement or convention with any country even if it falls in the State List.Select the correct answer using the codes given below: INDI
    • AOnly 2
    • B1 and 2
    • C1 and 3
    • DAll of these
    Answer: (D) All of these
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct answer. As per Article 248, Parliament has exclusive power to make any law with respect to matters not enumerated in the Concurrent List and State List. As per Article 252, Parliament has power to legislate for two or more states by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other state. Article 253 gives power to Parliament to make any law for any part of territory of India for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with any other country. Important Tips The Parliament is the legislative organ of the Union Government. Part V of the Constitution from Article 79 to Article 122 provides provisions for the Parliament. Article 79: The Parliament to consist (President council of states House of people) Powers of the Parliament: Legislative Power, Financial power, Electoral Functions, Amendment of the Power over Executive

17. #57UPSC CSE Prelims 1993
    Who recommended to end Indian Administrative Services and Indian Police Services?
    • ADhebar Commission
    • BKalelkar Commission
    • CKher Commission
    • DRajamannar Commission
    Answer: (D) Rajamannar Commission
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Rajamannar Commission, Rajamannar Centre State relation was set up by the then Government Tamil in 1960 under under the Chairmanship P.V. Rajamanar. It was appointed to examine all Centre-State relations and to investigate and causes of unitary tendencies in Central-State proposed the abolition of IAS and IPS due to centralization, which was seen as a hindrance self-government

18. #58UPSC CAPF 2015
    The provision under Article of the Constitution of India relates to the
    • Aright of any section of the citizens to preserve its distinct language and culture
    • Bright of the Sikh community to carrying and wearing of kirpans
    • Cprovision for providing facilities for instruction in mother tongue at primary stage
    • Dfreedom nor ity-managededucational institutions from discrimination in the matter of receiving aid from the State
    Answer: (A) right of any section of the citizens to preserve its distinct language and culture
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct to Article of the Indian Constitution, and other members of a State Public are appointed by the Governor of state

19. #59Practice set
    reference to the Government of India Act of 1935, consider the following statements: 1. The Act provided for establishment of India as a federation of the British provinces and princely states. 2. The Act introduced bicameralism in the British provinces. 3. The Act designated the Governor-General of India as a nominal head of the State.How many statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is incorrect. The Government of India 1935 provided for the establishment of an consisting of provinces and princely states The Act divided the powers between the Centre in terms of three lists. Residuary powers were given Viceroy. However, the federntion never came into the princely states did not join 2 is correct. The Act intrnduced bicameral ism out of eleven provinces. Thus, the legislatures of Madras, Bihar, Assam and the United made 3 is incorrect. The Indian of 1947 (and not the Go! Act, 1935) designated of India and the provincial constitutional (nominal) heads of the states. made to act on the advice of the respective council in all matters

20. #60Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Charter Act 1853? 1. It introduced local representation in the Indian Legislative Council for the first time. 2. For the first time, it authorized the Local Governments in India to impose taxes on persons. 3. The Act provided for an open competition system of selection and recruitment of civil servants.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3
    • C1 and 2
    • D1 and 3 l l
    Answer: (D) 1 and 3 l l
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is correct. The charter Act of 1853 the first time, local representation in the Legislative Council. Uf the six new of the Governor General's council, four appointed by the local (provincial) governments Bombay, Bengal and 2 is incorrect. The charter Act of I 813 (not Act of 1853) authorized the Local Governments to impose taxes on persons. They could also punish for not paying 3 is correct. The Act provided for an Indians) of selection of civil servants. Accordingly, the (the Committee on the Indian Civil Service) in l. Solution: Option a is the correct l and 3 are correct. Government of India Act introduced, for the first time, bicameralism and in the country. The Indian legislative council by a bicameral legislature consisting of a Council and a Legislative Assembly. The majority of members the Houses were directly practices were adopted by the Constitution I

21. #61Practice set
    In the federation established by the Government of India Act of 1935 residuary Power was given to the
    • AFederal Legislature
    • BGovernor-General
    • CProvincial Legislature
    • DProvincial Governors
    Answer: (B) Governor-General
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Government of India Act 1935 provided for of an All- India Federation consisting British India Provinces and other Indian states. General was given the residuary powers. But was empowered to authorize, either or the Provincial Legislature to enact a law to any residuary matter

22. #62Practice set
    With reference to the comparison between the Govermnent of India Act, 1919 and the Government of India Act, 1935, consider the following statements: 1. Both the Acts provided for the establishment of Dyarchy, but at different levels of federal polity. 2. While the Act of 1919 provided for indirect elections, the Act of 1935 provided for direct elections to the central legislature. 3. While the Act of 1919 introduced Bicameralism at the Centre, the Act of 1935 introduced it in selected Provinces as well.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is correct: The Government of India Act introduced the system of Dyarchy (Dual Rule). of 1919 introduced it at Provincial level, while the 1935 introduced it at Central 2 is incorrect: Both the Acts, not just the Act provided for Direct Elections, both at Centre and 3 is correct: Bicameralism was the first time in the Government of India Act, act introduced Bicameralism at the Centre. The 1935 kept the Central Legislature bicameral, and this arrangement in select British well (Bengal, Bombay, Madras, Bihar, Assam, Hence this statement is correct

23. #63Practice set
    "This act made the Governor--General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India. It deprived the Governors of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers. H attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of servants:' Which one of the following acts is being described in the above given paragraph?
    • ACharter Act of 1833
    • BIndian Councils Act of 1861
    • CGovernment of India Act of 1858
    • DGovernment of India Act of 1919
    Answer: (A) Charter Act of 1833
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct of the Charter Act of 1833: It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor- General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers. Lord William Bentick was the first governor general of India. It deprived the governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers. The Governor-General of India was given exclusive legislative powers for the entire British India. It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative body. It provided that the company's territories in India were held by it 'in trust for His Majesty, His heirs and Prn.dicebook The Charter,Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for the selection of civil servants. However, this provision was negated after opposition from the Court of Directors

24. #64Practice set
    The Government of India Act of 1935 had provision of establishing an AU-India f'edelt'ation. In this context, how this act differentiated Indian Princely States from the Governor's Provinces? l. Indian Princely states were mandatorily needed to join fndian federation whereas it was voluntary in case of Governor's Provinces. 2. Unlike Princely States, in case of Governor's Provinces the federal authority was extended to only legislative matters and not to executive matters.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 1101 2 Constituent Assembly
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 1101 2 Constituent Assembly
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct the time of colonial rule, India was divifkd int _:, Provinces, and the 1935 provided for the establishrnnil of a,rntion to be made up of both British "princely l is incorrect: As per to was voluntary in the Slate was depended upon the option of Ru kr of the accession to the Federation wac: compulsory in the case of 2 is incorn,ct: According to the act, in the the provinces, the authority of the Federation over (executive as well as legislative) extended over of the federal sphere outlined by the Act, Whereas case of the Indian States, the authority of the be limited by the Instrument of Accession. Constituent Assembly

25. #65Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding Federalism in India: 1. The new economic policy of l 99 I helped in strengthening federalism in India. 2. Judicial Supremacy forms an essential part of federal polity. 3. Indian model of federalism is "Coming together", unlike US model which is "Holding together".How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct federal government is one in which powers are the national government and the by the Constitution itself and both operate respective jurisdictions l is correct: The new economic policy of the economic reforms laid out a new trajectory in got strengthened. It facilitated fiscal 2 is incorrect: To prevent conflicts between and the State, there is an independent judiciary disputes. The response of judicial supremacy is that courts function and other officials are bound not only to decisions in particular cases but also, in public policy, to follow the general principles laid down. It is not an essential nor it is a desired federal 3 is incorrect The difference between and Holding Together Federations is that in Together Federation, there is no sharing of retention of nationality; while in Holding states unite their resources and sovereign create a stronger country. I

26. #66Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the term 'Asymmetric Federalism': 1. In Asymmetric Federalism, a particular state can have greater executive powers than other states. 2. It overlooks the diverse cultural, linguistic, and historical differences among constituent units. 3. Indian Constitution provides for the Asymmetric federalism.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct: The term asymmetrical the government to grant special status to some them with special powers not enjoyed by It permits particular states to have greater and at times, judicial powers than other 2 is incorrect: Asymmetric (not overlook) the diverse cultural, historical differences among constituent units. setup can be effective when the needs of diverse religiously, culturally and/or 3 is correct: Asymmetry is established institutional arrangements. For instance, in arrangements have a constitutional basis countries like Indonesia, China, etc. it is based arrangements. Indian constitution allows states in the North-West and North-East Nagaland and Mizoram) to exercise under article are asymmetries the Indian constitution at the sub state level in the form Territories

27. #67Practice set
    Why India is to as a 'quasi-federal' polity?
    • AIn India, executive is responsible to the legislature for all its acts and policies
    • BIndian constitution provides a Bicameral legislature for the Centre and the states
    • CIndia is a federal country with balance of power tilted towards Centre
    • DIndian constitution provides for division of power between the Centre and the states
    Answer: (C) India is a federal country with balance of power tilted towards Centre
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct is regarded as a semi-federal state, or a as described by Prof. K.C. Wheare. The of India also describes it as a federal structure with bias towards the federal refers to a system of government where of powers between the Center and the not equal. India is a federation with a unitary bias referred as a quasi-federal state because of strong Important Tips Federal features of Indian Unitary features of Indian Constitution Constitution

28. #68Practice set
    Indian Constitution is considered as one of the lengthiest in the world, which one of the following is not it?
    • AA major part of it is based on the Government of India Act, 1935, which was a bulky document
    • BIt accommodates provisions related to government mechanisms of both center and states
    • CFundamental principles of governance and matters of administration are given in great det
    • DProcedures related to preparation of electoral rolls and registration of political parties are included in the Constitution
    Answer: (D) Procedures related to preparation of electoral rolls and registration of political parties are included in the Constitution
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct of India is one of the lengthiest of all the of the world. It is a very and detailed a is correct. The Government of India Act itself was a lengthy and detailed organic law. in the Constitution of India were borrowed Act, because the people were familiar with the b is correct. While the Constitution of countries like the United States deals only Federal Government and leaves the States to draw own Constitution. The Indian Constitution Constitutions of both the Union and the Units (i.e., with the same fullness and c is correct. Constitution of India provisions regarding the distribution of functions between the Union and the States in of their administrative and other activities. provisions regarding inter-State relations, co-ordination of disputes amongst the States are also Constitution contains not only the of governance, but also detailed d is incorrect. Repres

29. #69Practice set
    Which of the following provisions are reflected under 'Article of Indian Constitution? 1. Establishment of New States 2. Name of Country 3. Definition of State 4. Type of PolitySelect the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B1, 2 and 4 only
    • C2 and 4 only
    • D3 and 4 only
    Answer: (C) 2 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the con-ect 2 and 4 are correct: Article l describes India, Bharat as a 'Union of States' rather than a States'. This provision deals with two things: one, name country; and two, type of of Country: There was no unanimity in Assembly with regard to the name of the members suggested the traditional name other advocated the modern name (India). Hence, Assembly had to adopt a mix of both is, Bhara Type of Polity: India is described as 'Union' although is federal in structure. According to Dr. the phrase 'Union of States' has been 'Federation of States'. The federation is a Union is indestructible. The country is an integral whole into different states only for the convenience l and 3 are incorrect: Article 2 deals with regarding establishment of new states. the Parliament to 'admit into the Union of establish, new states on such terms and conditions as Article 12 describe the de

30. #70Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to 'States Reorganisation Act of 1956': 1. The States Reorganisation Act of 19 56 divided the country into 6 zones for the constitution of Zonal Councils. 2. While forming zones, factors like the river systems and means of communication were taken into consideration.Which of the above statements is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (B) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Zonal Councils are the statutory (and not bodies. They are established by an Act of that is, States Reorganisation Act of 1956. l is incorrect. The act divided the five zones (Northern, Central, Eastern, Western and provided a zonal cmmcil for each 2 is correct. While forming these zones, have been taken into account which include: divisions of the country, the river systems and communication, the cultural and linguistic affinity requirements of economic development, security and order

31. #71Practice set
    In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (and Reason Mark your answer as per the codes provided: Assertion (A): The Constitution has described India as a 'Union of states', and not a Federation. mrl Reason CR): Indian polity is a result of agreement between states to form an indestructible Union. of the options given below is/are correct?
    • ABoth A and Rare true and R is the correct explanation for A
    • BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation for A
    • CA is true, while R is false
    • DA is false, while R is true
    Answer: (C) A is true, while R is false
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct answer. Assertion (is true: Article l of the Constitution of India describes India as a "Union of states", not Federation, despite its polity being federal in structure and function. Reason (R) is false: Indian polity is not the result of any sort of agreem_ent between its constituent states. The states neither gave it the status of being indestructible, nor did they state that these units can secede (as seen in the case of the United States of America). The Indian constitution declares India to be a Union, as India is indestructible, but the states constituting it are not. They may be merged, or new ones may be created, but India as a whole can never be dissolved or finished. States in Indian polity have no right to secede from this Union

32. #72Practice set
    Consider the following commissions and acts regarding the reorganisation of states in India: 1. Fazl Ali Commission 2. Dhar Commission 3. State Reorganisation Act 4. JVP Committee Arrange the above in the correct chronological order of their establishment/passage
    • A2-4-1-3
    • B1-3-4-2
    • C2-1-4-3
    • D3-2-4-1
    Answer: (D) 3-2-4-1
    Explanation

    option d is the correct 1 is correct: Governor of states enjoy some of from the rule of equality before law. Some of are He is not answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his office. No criminal proceeding shall be instituted or continued against him during his term of office. No process for arrest or imprisonment of him from any court during his term of office, No civil proceedings shall be instituted during his term of office in any court in respect of any act done by him in his personal capacity, whether before or after he entered upon his office, until the expiration of two months next after notice has been delivered to 2 is corirect: The foreign sovereigns (rulers), and diplomates enjoy immunity from criminal 3 is correct: The UNO and its agencies enjoy 4 is correct: Members of parliament and state legislature also en Joy immunity from an

33. #73Practice set
    With reference to the concept of Rule of Law, consider the following statements: 1. In Keshavananda Bharti case the Supreme Court has included the Rule of Law as the basic feature of the Constitution. 2. Immunities and privileges of President against criminal proceedings are exceptions to Rule of Law under the Indian Constitution. 3. In India, according to the Rule of Law, Judicial Supremacy prevails over the Legislature and the Executive.How many statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct answer constitution of India has divided legislative 3 categories - Union List, State List and (enumerated in Schedule VII). The Concurrent subjects/ matters on which both the Centre and can make 1 is incorrect: In case of any dispute or jurisdiction of subjects, the Constitution provides Union List takes precedence over both the others, the Concurrent List which takes precedence over 2 is correct: The Constitution has the Execution of a law enacted on a subject in list lies with the state government means even if that particular legislation 011 subject has been enacted by the Union, it is executed state government. Hence this statement is 3 is incorrect: The President is a part of As such the Constitution does not provide President/Executive to legislate 011 any matter, be it list, or Union or State List. The President promulgate ordinances, that too when the not

34. #74Practice set
    Which one of the following statements most appropriately defines the meaning of 'Rights'?
    • AThey are moral demands of a society for its own self-development
    • BThey are incentives given by the to the people in return for their obedience towards the rule of law
    • CThey are reasonable claims of persons recognised by society and sanctioned by law
    • DThey are obligations rnandated on the State in order to promote social welfare
    Answer: (C) They are reasonable claims of persons recognised by society and sanctioned by law
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct: The cooperative federalism involves and States governments cooperating with for the overall development of the nation. schemes are jointly funded by the Centre and centre and states cooperate in the funding of Cooperative federalism involves the participation of the States in the creation and implementation of the the development of the 2 is correct: In Competitive federalism States themselves and also with the Centre for compete with each other to attract funds which facilitates efficiency in administration developmental activities. To promote the competitive federalism in India, the union taking several measures in that direction. NITI to promote competitive federalism by performance of States/UTs. It encourages between the States through transparent various sectors, along with a hand-holding approach. domg busmess ranking for states is one such 3

35. #75Practice set
    With refer,r,nce to 'Co-operative Societies in India', consider the following statements: 1. It is the duty of the State to promote co- operative societies under Article of Indian Constitution. 2. As per the Constitution, the subject of Cooperative Societies falls under the Concurrent list.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is correct: The of 2011 gave a constitutional status and protection to H included a new Directive Principle Policy on promotion of cooperative societies 2 is incorrect: "Cooperative Societies" is of State List (not the Concurrent List) in the via entry 32 of the State List in the India

36. #76Practice set
    Which of the following pertains to the centralizing tendency of Indian Constitution? 1. The Union List contains more subjects than the State List. 2. Generally the central law prevails over state laws in case of conflict on matters mentioned in the concurrent list. 3. Residuary powers are vested in the Centre.Select the correct answer from the codes given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B1 and 2 only
    • C1, 2 and 3
    • D2 and 3 only
    Answer: (C) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct. The division of powers is in the Centre and highly inequitable from the federal Union List contains more subjects than the State Union List consists of 98 subjects (originally 97), State List 59 subjects (originally 2 is correct. Both the Centre and the states laws on the subjects of the concurrent list, but of a conflict, the Central law prevails. The Centre authority over the Concurrent 3 is correct. The residuary subjects (i.e., not mentioned in any of the three lists) are given to Thus, the Constitution has the Centre strong

37. #77Practice set
    to the idea of a federation, which of the statements given below is/are correct? 1. Parliamentary supremacy is a necessary feature of a federal government. 2. A federation essentially means that it is an indestructible union of states.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (B) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect. Parliamentary supremacy is necessary feature of a federal government. In a the Constitution is always supreme. In the parliament is supreme but it has a On the other hand, in United states, which presidential system, a federal system of government 2 is correct. A federal state is a fusion of into a single State in regard to matters related interests. Both the federal and state their authority from the Constitution. In such a component state has no right to the federation at its will. This feature distinguishes from a confederation

38. #78Practice set
    Consider the following statements:l. Under Indian federal system, the State governments are subordinate to the Central Government. 2. The term 'Union' for Indian federal system has been taken from the Russian Constitution. of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is incorrect. Under Indian federal system, governments are not subordinate to the In Bommai case (1994), the Supreme down that the Constitution is federal and as its 'basic feature'. It said "the states independent constitutional existence. They are or agents of the Centre. Within the to them, the states are suprem Statement 2 is incorrect. The Indian federal system is the Canadian model

39. #79Practice set
    The concept of asymmetric federalism has been adopted by the Indian Constitution. Which of the following best reflects the application of asymmetric federalism in India?
    • ASeparation of powers between the Centre and the states
    • BEstablishment of an independent judiciary
    • CSpecial provisions for some states in the constitution
    • DAdoption of Bicameralism at the Centre
    Answer: (C) Special provisions for some states in the constitution
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct federalism is found in a federation in constituent states possess different powers. has considerably more independence than the though they have the same constitutional Most of Northeast states enjoy special for the tribal areas in some states where centre no role regarding D f

40. #80Practice set
    Which of the following provisions make the Indian Federalism as quasi-federal and not completely federal in nature? 1. Division of Powers 2. Integrated Election Machinery 3. Bicameralism 4. All India ServicesSelect the correct answer from the code given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B2 and 4 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2 and 4 only
    Answer: (B) 2 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect. Division of Powers - The Powers reflects federal and not quasi federal nature 2 is correct. Integrated Election Machinery Election Commission conducts elections not only to legislature but also to the State legislatures. But is constituted by the President and the states have in this 3 is incorrect. Bicameralism - It is one of characteristics of Federalism. Upper House or States represents interest of state at the Parliament Bicameralism does not reflect quasi federal 4 is correct. All fodia Services - In India, and the states have their separate public services. addition, there are all-India services (IAS, IPS, and are common to both the Centre and the states. of these services are recruited and trained by which also possess uitimate control over them. services violate the principle of federalism under and reflect quasi federal nature

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