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Preamble & Basic Structure — UPSC Prelims Polity previous year questions

40 solved previous year questions on Preamble & Basic Structure, papers from 2004 to 2022, drawn from UPPCS, UPSC CSE Prelims, UPSC CDS. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #1UPSC CSE Prelims 2017
   The mind of the makers of the Constitution of India is reflected in which of the following?
   • AThe Preamble
   • BThe Fundamental Rights
   • CThe Directive Principles of State Policy
   • DThe Fundamental Duties
   Answer: (A) The Preamble
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct mind of the makers of the Constitution of India in the Preamble. The Preamble to a the fundamental values and the philosophy, the Constitution is based. It embodies the aims which the founding fathers of the the polity to strive to Preamble embodies the basic philosophy and moral and religious-on which the Constitution It contains the grand and noble vision of the and reflects the dreams and aspirations of the of the Constitution. In the words of Sir Alladi a member of the Constituent Assembly who played a in making the Constitution, 'The Preamble to our what we had thought or dreamt so long'

2. #2UPSC CSE Prelims 2017
   Which one of the following objectives is not embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
   • ALiberty of thought
   • BEconomic liberty
   • CLiberty of expression
   • DLiberty of belief
   Answer: (B) Economic liberty
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct text of the Preamble of the Constitution of India having solemnly resolved India into a and to secure to all its citizens:, social, economic and political; expression, belief, faith and worship; of status and of to promote among them all assuring of the individual and the unity and integrity of OUR this twenty-sixth November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT TO THIS Preamble to the Constitution of India embodies thought, expression, belief, faith and worship but liberty

3. #3UPSC CSE Prelims 2013
   'Economic Justice' as one of the objectives of the Indian Constitutional has been provided in
   • Athe Preamble and the Fundamental Rights
   • Bthe Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
   • Cthe Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
   • DNone of the above
   Answer: (B) the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct justice denotes the non-discrimination on the basis of economic factors. It involves of glaring inequalities in wealth, income of social justice and denotes what is known as 'distributive term 'justice' in the Preamble embraces three economic and political, secured provisions of Fundamental Rights and concept of Economic Justice is also mentioned under Principles of State Policy. Article 39 says that shall, in particular, direct its policy towards that the citizens, men and women equally, have the an adequate means of livelihood; (b) that the control of the material resources of the community distributed as best to subserve the common good; the operation of the economic system does not the concentration of wealth and means of production common (d) that there is equal pay for for both men and women

4. #4UPPCS 2017
   In which case did the Supreme Court first declare that the Preamble is not a part of the Constitution?
   • ABerubari
   • BSajjan Singh
   • CGolak Nath
   • DKeshvanand Bharti
   Answer: (A) Berubari
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct the case of Berubari Union and Exchange of Enclaves, Court of India first declared that the Preamble a part of the Constitution. This case, which was 1960, involved a dispute regarding the boundary and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The ruling clarified that the Preamble is not does not have legally binding effect. Important Tips Very brief overview of other landmark cases

5. #5UPPCS 2012
   In which of the following cases Supreme Court held that 'The Preamble forms part of the Constitution?
   • AUnion of India Vs. Dr. Kohli
   • BBanarsidas Vs. State of U.P
   • CBommai Vs. Union of India
   • DMalak Singh Vs. State of Punjab
   Answer: (C) Bommai Vs. Union of India
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct the Bommai case, the Supreme Court held that is a part of the Constitution and that it must along with the other provisions of the Constitution. held that the Preamble sets out the goals and the Constitution is based on. The other provisions of must be interpreted in a way that is the Preamble. Important Tips

6. #6UPPCS 2009
   Consider the following statements in regard to the Preamble of Constitution and select the correct one using the code given below: 1. The objectives Resolution by Jawaharlal Nehru finally became Preamble. 2. It is non-Justiciable. 3. It can't be amended. 4. Preamble cannot override the specific provision of the Constitution. Code
   • AOnly 1 and 2
   • BOnly 1, 2 and 4
   • COnly 1, 2 and 3
   • DOnly 2, 3 and 4
   Answer: (B) Only 1, 2 and 4
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct 1 is correct- The Preamble of the is based on the "Objectives by Jawaharlal Nehru and adopted by the of India. It served as the foundation for the 2 is correct- The Preamble is that it cannot be enforced in a court of law. It legally binding and does not grant enforceable 3 is incorrect- The Preamble can be it requires a special majority in Parliament as Article 368 of the 4 is correct- The Preamble cannot override provisions such as Article 13, Article 14, Article 32, Article 368, etc of the Constitution. If there is between the Preamble and a specific provision, takes precedence

7. #7UPPCS 2005
   Which one of the following describes India as a Secular State?
   • AFundamental Rights
   • BPreamble to the Constitution
   • C9th Schedule
   • DDirective Principles
   Answer: (B) Preamble to the Constitution
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct Preamble to the Constitution of India states that a secular state. The Preamble to the Constitution of with the words "WE, resolved to constitute India into word "secular" means that the state does not have religion and does not favor any particular religion. Important Tips Indian secularism is based on the principle of Sarva Dharma Sambhava, which means "equal respect for all religions;' This principle is reflected in the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the freedom of religion to all citizens. Western secularism, on the other hand, is based on the principle of separation of church and state. This principle means that the state should not be involved in religious matters, and that religion should not be used to justify state policies

8. #8JPSC 2016
   Which of the following was inserted in the 'Preamble' of the Constitution of India, through 42 nd Constitutional Amendment Act?
   • ASovereignty
   • BDignity of person
   • CSocialist, Secular
   • DPrivacy
   Answer: (C) Socialist, Secular
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 words "socialist" and "secular" in the Preamble to of India. The word "socialist" was emphasize the commitment of the Indian state to of social justice and equality. The word inserted to emphasize the commitment of the to the principle of religious neutrality

9. #9UPSC CDS 2022
   Which of the following statements with regard to the Preamble to the Constitution of India is/are correct? 1. Equality of status and equality of opportunity find mention in the Preamble. 811 2. The expression 'unity and integrity of the Nation' was not there in the Preamble since the beginning.Select the correct answer using the code given
   • A1 only
   • B2 only
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2
   Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct 1 is correct- Equality entails the absence or discrimination within society, and emphasizes equality of status and opportunity 2 is correct-Through the 42nd Amendment 1976, the phrase was added to the Preamble to importance of maintaining the unity and integrity as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and Important Tips The Indian Constitution's Preamble is derived from the US Constitution and is often referred to as the "identity card" of the Constitution. It is based on the Objective Resolution proposed by Pandit Nehru and was amended once through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1972, to include the words "Socialist, Secular and Integrity." The Preamble is non-justiciable and does not grant legislative power or restrict it. It is an integral part of th Constitution and can be amended by a simple majority under Article 368. It was added by the Constituent Asse

10. #10UPSC CDS 2020
    Which of the following terms were added to the Preamble of the Constitution of India by the Constitutional Amendment, 1976? 1. Socialist 2. Secular 3. Integrity 4. FraternitySelect the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1 and 2
    • B1, 2 and 3
    • C2 and 4
    • D1, 3 and 4 I I. The Citizenship (Amendment) Act falls under
    Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Preamble of the Constitution of India was amended in the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act. This three terms to the Preamble: Socialist, Integrity. The term "Fraternity" was already a part of Preamble and was not introduced or amended

11. #11UPSC CDS 2015
    Which of the following is/are not central of the Constitution of India? 1. Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion. 2. Gives official status to certain religions. 3. Provides freedom to profess any religion. 4. Ensures equality of all citizens within religious communities.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1, 2 and 3
    • B3 and 4
    • C2, 3 and 4
    • DOnly 2
    Answer: (D) Only 2
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct answer. Article 25 says that all persons are equally entitled to freedom of Conscience and the right to freely profess, practice and propagate religion. The Indian Constitution embodies the positive concept of secularism ie, all religions in our country (irrespective of their strength) and no official status was given to certain religions. 42nd amendment act of 1976, the Preamble to the constitution of India asserted that India is a secular nation. Secularism is a belief system which rejects religion, or the belief that religion should not be part of the affairs of the state. (Statement 2 is incorrect)

12. #12UPSC CAPF 2021
    Which one of the following statements with regard to the preamble to the Constitution of India is not correct?
    • AThe term 'Secular Democratic Republic' was not there in the Preamble or iginally
    • BThe Preamble contains the basic structure of the Constitution of India
    • CBy itself, the Preamble is not enforceable in a court of law
    • DThe Supreme Court has held that the preamble cannot be considered as an aid to the legal interpretation of the Constitution, where the language is ambiguous
    Answer: (D) The Supreme Court has held that the preamble cannot be considered as an aid to the legal interpretation of the Constitution, where the language is ambiguous
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct preamble to the Constitution of India is a statement that sets out the basic objectives of the Constitution. It is not enforceable court of law, but it is an important source of guidance the Constitution. The Supreme Court has the preamble can be used to interpret the cases where the language is ambiguous. Important Tip Important points about Preamble: Key elements of Preamble: Sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic and republic. Justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. Unity and integrity of the nation

13. #13UPSC CSE Prelims 2015
    The ideal of 'Welfare State' in the Indian Constitution is enshrined in its
    • APreamble
    • BDirective Principles of State Policy
    • CFundamental Rights
    • DSeventh Schedule
    Answer: (B) Directive Principles of State Policy
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct to Article 263 of The Constitution of is empowered to establish the The objective of the ISC is to discuss or subjects of common interest, and disputes Important Tips The Inter-State Council composes of the following members: Prime Minister, Chairman. Chief Ministers of all states. Chief Ministers of the union territories having legislative assemblies Lieutenant Governors and Administrators of the union territories not having legislative assemblies. 6 Union Cabinet Ministers, including Union Home Minister, to be nominated by the Prime Minister. Governors of the states being administered under President's rule. Standing Committee Union Home Minister, Chairman 5 Union Cabinet Ministers 9 Chief Ministers

14. #14UPPCS 2004
    Which of the following statements about the federal system in India are correct? 1. The Constitution introduces a federal system as the basic structure of Government. 2. There is a strong admixture of a unitary bias. 3. Both the Union and State Legislatures are sovereign. 4. The legislative, financial and judicial powers have been divided between the Union and its units. i.Select the correct answer from the codes given below
    • A1 only
    • B1 and 2 only
    • C1, 2 and 3 only
    • DAll the four
    Answer: (B) 1 and 2 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is correct: The Constitution introduces a as the basic structure of Government. A majority in the Kesavananda Bharati case in 1973 as part of the basic structure of the on, in the SR Bommai case in 1994 and in a number since then, the court has held that federalism is part basic structure of our 2 is correct: India has a strong admixture unitary bias. India has some of unitary features such strong Centre, single Constitution, single of Constitution, etc. These unitary with many federal elements such as Rigid Constitution, Supremacy of independent judiciary, 3 is incorrect: Neither Union nor are sovereign in India. As both has to jurisdiction earmarked for it by the the Supreme Court can declare a law passed unconstitutional if it contravenes the the Constitution. Unlike, British parliament is 4 is incorrect: Only legislative, executive power have been divided be

15. #15UPSC CAPF 2014
    Which of the following are true regarding the Preamble of the Constitution of India? l. The Objective Resolution was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru and passed by the Constituent Assembly which ultimately became the preamble. 2. The idea of the preamble was borrowed from the Constitution of the USA. 3. The words Socialist and Secular were adopted by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. 4. The preamble incorporates the Fundamental Rights of the citizens of India.Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Codes
    • A1, 2 and 3
    • B2, 3 and 4
    • C3 and 4
    • D1, 2 and 4
    Answer: (A) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct: The Preamble of the India is a brief introductory statement that sets out principles and purpose of the Constitution. It on the Objective Resolution, which was moved Nehru in the Constituent Assembly on 1946 and adopted on 22 January 2 is correct: The idea of the preamble from the Constitution of the 3 is correct: The Preamble declares India to be socialist, secular, democratic republic and all its citizens justice, liberty, equality and words socialist and secular were added by the in 4 is incorrect: While the Preamble of of India sets out the ideals and the Constitution, it does not explicitly mention Rights. The Fundamental Rights are Part of the Constitution

16. #16State PCS 2018
    Which of the following terminology is/are mentioned in the Preamble of the Right to Information Act, 2005? 1. Transparency of Information 2. Revelation of Information 3. Informed Citizenry 4. Paramountcy of the democratic idealSelect the correct answer using code given below
    • A1 only
    • B1 and 2
    • C1, 2 and 3
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct Preamble of the Right to Information Act, 2005 is the Constitution of India has established whereas democracy requires an informed transparency of information which are vital to and also to contain corruption and to 1 1 and their instrumentalities accountable to whereas revelation of information in actual practice to conflict with other public interests including of the Governments, optimum use of resources and the preservation of confidentiality whereas it is necessary to harmonies these while preserving the paramountcy of therefore, it is expedient to provide for information to citizens who desire to have it. Important Tips Right to Information (RTI): It is an act of the Parliament of India which sets out the rules and procedures regarding citizens' right to information. Under the provisions of the RTI Act, any citizen of India may request information from a "pub

17. #17Practice set
    With reference to the 'Objectives Resolutio introduced in the first session of the Constituent Assembly, consider the following statements: 1. It declared India as an Independent Sovereign Republic. 2. It provided adequate safeguards for minorities and depressed classes. 3. It guaranteed to people of India, the equality of status of opportunity.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 'Objectives Resolution' was moved by Jawaharlal the Constituent Assembly in December, 1946. It laid fundamentals and philosophy of the This Resolution was unanimously adopted by on January 22, 1947. Its modified version Preamble of the present l is correct. Under the Objectives resolution, Assembly declared its firm and solemn proclaim India as an Independent Sovereign to draw up for her future governance a 2 is It provides that adequate be provided for minorities, backward and tribal depressed and other backward 3 is correct. It guaranteed and secured to all of India justice, social, economic and of status of opportunity, and before the of thought, expression, belief, faith, association and action, subject to law and

18. #18Practice set
    With reference to the 'Objectives Resolution, 1946', consider the following statements: 1. It served as the inspiration for Preamble in the constitution. 2. It envisioned Popular Sovereignty for the independent Indian nation. 3. It provided for vesting of residuary powers with the provinces.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone Salient Features/ Schedules/Parts of the Constitution
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Objectives Resolution was moved by Jawaharlal December 13, 1946, and was adopted unanimously 22, 1947. The Muslim League had boycotted Assembly by this time and was not a part of regarding the Objectives l is correct: The Objectives resolution the inspiration for the Preamble of the Constitution 2 is correct: This resolution declared that becomes an independent sovereign country, it all its authority and power from the people of This concept is known as Popular 3 is correct: The Objectives Resolution government of independent India to be federal Centre and autonomous Provinces. In this Residuary powers were envisaged to be vested in in order to provide them with the greatest G Important Tips Important provisions of Objectives Resolution It proclaimed India to be an independent Sovereign Republic. All powers and authority of sovereign and independent India and its

19. #19Practice set
    Which of the following features ensures constitutionalism in India? l. Rule of law 2. Separation of power 3. Judicial reviewSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct concept of constitutionalism is that of a polity based government and rule of if reflected in India by of The concept of Rule of Law finds full the Indian Constitution. The Preamble re-emphasizes high ideals of equality, justice, liberty and of power - In India, under Article 245,246 VII there is a clear demarcation of legislative power between union and state review In Article of Indian is stated that the laws "which are inconsistent to part of constitution shall be declared null and void". The entrusted with the task of deciding whether a law valid or not. Articles 32 and 226 roles of the protector and guarantor of to the Supreme and High Courts

20. #20Practice set
    With reference to the Preamble of the Constitution of India, which one of the following statements is correct? industries. material resources of the nation. government plays major role. centralized-social control of the economy. 10 l. With reference to the Secular character of the Constitution of India, which one of the following statements is incorrect? of belief, faith and worship. and administer educational institutions of their choice. taxes for the promotion of their religion. equality before the law or equal protection of the laws. l 02. Consider the following statements
    • AAs a sovereign state, India cannot cede a part of its territory in favour of a foreign state
    • BIn Indian democratic system supreme power is vested in the parliament
    • CLiberty ensures the absence of special privileges to any section of society
    • DIn India, the ideal of fraternity is to secu the unity and integrity of the nation. mo
    Answer: (D) In India, the ideal of fraternity is to secu the unity and integrity of the nation. mo
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct a is incorrect. Sovereign state means India acquire a foreign territory or cede a part of in favour of a foreign state. The word that India is neither a endency nor a dominion other nation, but an indepe dent b is incorrect. Indian democratic system, in the Preamble, is based doctrine of popular sovereignty, that is, possession power by the people (and not by the c is incorrect. The term 'equality', in the the absence of special privileges to any section and the provision of adequate opportunities individuals without any discrimination. The to all citizens of India equality of statns d is correct. Fraternity means a sense The Constitution promotes this /er-ling by the system of single citizenship, The that fraternity must assure two thin the the individual and the unity and integrity of the nalion

21. #21Practice set
    The word in the preamble of the Constitution of prornotes 1. Equal status and opportunity for the people 2. Dignity of the individual 3. Unity and integrity of the nationSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 only
    • C2 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3 re
    Answer: (C) 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Fraternity means a sense of brotherhood. The this feeling of fraternity by the system of The Preamble declares Lhal fraleruily has two things - The dignily of the individual The unity and integrity of the word 'integrity' has been added to the preamble by Constitutional Amendment the preamble, the equal status and opportunity the head 'Equality'

22. #22Practice set
    Which one of the following would you accept as the nwst appropriate definition of 'distributive justice'?
    • ASocial ownershi 1 of the means of production
    • BJust allocation of resources in the society
    • CPunishment in proportion to the crime
    • DAbsence of special privileges among the citizens
    Answer: (B) Just allocation of resources in the society
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct term 'justice' in the Preamble of the Constitution includes social, economic and political justice for of the justice concerns with the jnst allocation in the society. In other words, distributive a combination of social justice and economic justice denotes the non-discrimination on the basis of economic factors. Social the equal treatment of all citizens without distinction based on caste, colour, race, religion, so on

23. #23Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the 'Preamble of India': 1. It cannot be amended as it enjoys protection under Basic Structure doctrine. 2. It is a source of restriction on the powers of the Government of the country. 3. Both the preamble of the Constitution of the USA and India starts with 'We the people'.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two Practicebo
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Preamble to the Indian Constitution is based on Resolution', drafted and moved by Pandit adopted by the Constituent 1 is incorrect: After the judgment of Bharati case, it was accepted that the part of the Constitution. So, as a part of the can be under Article 368 of the 2 is incorrect: The preamble shows that the India are the source of authority. It means power the citizens to elect their representatives and they the right to criticize their representatives. According Court in Kesavananda Bharati Case, The Preamble is not a source of any restriction but it plays an important role in of statutes and provisions of the 3 is correct: Preamble of the Constitution Constitution was the first to begin with a countries, including India, followed this practice. of the Constitution of the United States of India starts with 'We the people'

24. #24Practice set
    In the context of Preamble of India, what does the term 'Democratic' indicates?
    • AA form of government where each organ of governance respects the powers and jurisdiction of the others
    • BA political unit where supreme power of governance is vested in the people
    • CA type of government where the regional units derive their power and authority from the national government
    • DA system characterized by the absence of restraints and special privileges on the activities of individuals
    Answer: (B) A political unit where supreme power of governance is vested in the people
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct answer. A democratic polity, as stipulated in the Preamble, is based on the doctrine of popular sovereignty, that is, possession of supreme power by the people. Democracy is of two types-direct and indirect. In direct democracy, the people exercise their supreme power directly as is the case in Switzerland. In indirect democracy, the representatives elected by the people exercise supreme power and thus carry on the government and make the laws. This type of democracy, also known as representative democracy. The Indian Constitution provides for representative parliamentary democracy under which the executive is responsible to the legislature for all its policies and actions

25. #25Practice set
    Preamble describe India as a sovereign nation. What does this mean? 1. No internal groups or any external authority could undermine the authority of the Indian government. 2. The laws made in India are only limited by the international laws set by United Nations Organization. 3. India can neither acquire a foreign territory nor cede a part of its territory in favour of a foreign state.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 2 only
    • D3 only
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct of India declares India to be of a secular, democratic and republican polity. The in political theory, imply the ultimate authority, in the decision-making process of the state the maintenance of l is correct: India is a sovereign state. It India is a supreme power and no internal groups external authority could undermine the authority Indian government. As a sovereign state, India is any kind or form of foreign interference in its 2 is incorrect: India's membership of the Organisation (UNO) also in no way constitutes on her 3 is incorrect: Being a sovereign state, either acquire a foreign territory or cede a part of in favour of a state. Article 2 Parliament to 'admit into the Union of India, or states on such terms and conditions as it thinks Article 2 grants two powers to the Parliament: to admit into the Union of India new states; and to establish new states.

26. #26Practice set
    With reference to the Preamble of Indian constitution, consider the following statements: 1. It is a source of power for the legislature and the executive. 2. It can be used by the Judiciary for a legal interpretation of the constitution. 3. It has no legal effect independently of other parts of the Constitution. 4. It shall be enforceable by the courts in India.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four ok
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct reflects the dreams and aspirations of the of the Constitution. Preamble is regarded as yardstick with which one can measure the worth l is incorrect: The Preamble is neither a power to legislature nor a prohibition upon the legislature. The Preamble indicates only the goals of the 2 is correct: It is true that preamble can for the legal interpretation of the constitution. court in Kesavananda Bharati case held that is of extreme importance and the be interpreted in the light of noble vision the 3 is correct: It is true that preamble has no independently of other parts as Preamble as the identity card of the whole constitution. It the word mentioned in the preamble finds any other enforceable parts such as Fundamental rights, not have any legal 4 is incorrect: Preamble is neither justifiable in a court of law. This implies that pass orders against the government t

27. #27Practice set
    With reference to the distinct forms of Justice, consider the following statements: 1. Social Justice implies that all citizens are treated equally irrespective of their status in society. 2. Economic justice is considered as part of liberty without which equality of status and dignity of a person is not possible. 3. Political justice proposes that the citizens of a country should have equal access to political offices.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Preamble contains the ideals, objectives and of the Constitution which include democracy, guarantee to all the people of India; and freedom. The Preamble covers all of justice social, economic and l is correct. Social Justice implies that all treated equally irrespective of their status in society as of the accident birth, race, caste, religion, sex, title 2 is correct. Economic Justice means of poverty, not by expropriation of those but by the multiplication of the national wealth and an equitable distribution thereof. is a facet of liberty without which equality of dignity of person is teasing illusions. The ideal justice is to make equality of status life worth living at its best removing inequality and of status-social, economic and 3 is correct. Political justice implies that should have equal political rights, equal access to offices and equal voice in the g

28. #28Practice set
    With reference to Indian Constitution, consider the following statements: 1. India being a Sovereign country can cede its territory in favor of a foreign state. 2. Before addition of "socialist" to preamble, constitution already had elements of socialism.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Preamble to the Indian Constitution of India is introductory statement that reflects the hopes of the people. The preamble can be referred the preface which highlights the entire Constitution. the basic philosophy and the fundamental which our constitution is l is correct: Preamble states that India is country. This means India can acquire and if necessary, can cede its territory in favour state. It is done through constitutional article 2 is correct: The 42nd Amendment 1976 description of India from a "sovereign to a "sovereign, socialist secular However, before the amendment had socialist content in form of Directive Principle Policy (DPSP). Hence what was implied, made the amendment

29. #29Practice set
    With regards to Constitutional provisions regarding equality provided to the people, which of the following statements correct? 1. Article 16 of the Constitution provides for equality of opportunity in matters of public employment. 2. Only the equality of opportunity is provided by the Preamble and not the equality of status.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Statement l is correct. Article 16 of the for equality of opportunity for all citizens of employment or appointment to any office State. Article of the constitution explicitly a policy like reservation will not be seen as a violation to equality. The state is permitted to make favour of, any backward class, if they are not 2 is incorrect. The text of the Preamble of of Tndia explicitly provides for equality and equality of opportunity to all its citizens. Important Tips The Preamble - WE, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a and to secure to all its citizens:, social, economic and political; of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENAC

30. #30Practice set
    In the context of Indian constitution, the term 'state' under Article 12 indudes
    • AA politically organized territory ruled by a centralized government
    • BExecutive and Legislature of the Union and all the local authorities
    • CAn area of 1 and that forms an independent political unit
    • DDefined territory that forms a community with shared culture
    Answer: (A) A politically organized territory ruled by a centralized government
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct was added to the Preamble of the by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act l is correct: Socialism believes in equality of does not believe in private property or resources by individuals. Article mentions that should strive to ensure that national resources equally distributed among all citizens, as far as 2 is correct: Socialism believes that required for the well being of a human should by the State. Such a state is known as welfare is envisaged in the Indian constitution. In the DPSPs IV of the Indian constitution Articles 39, 41, etc encourage the State to offer living wages, equal legal aid, maternity benefits, 3 is correct: The idea of Indian as embodied in the Indian constitution, both Preamble as well as in Article 38, under DPSP talks about bringing in equality of opportunities. regardless of an individual's personal wealth, shall strive to provide access

31. #31Practice set
    Consider the following statements about the of the concept of 'Rule of Law' as applicable in India? 1. It is borrowed from the American Constitution. 2. It forms a part of the 'basic structure' of Indian constitution. 3. It signifies equal subjection of all citizens to the ordinary law of the land.How many of the above given statements is/ are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct of law is a concept propounded by A. V. 1 is incorrect. The concept of Rule of Law from the British 2 is correct. In Indira Nehru Gandhi V case, the Supreme Court held that the 'Rule as embodied in Article 14 is a 'basic feature' of 3 is correct. The concept of 'Rule of Law' has three elements or aspects: Absence of arbitrary power, that is, no man can be punished except for a breach of law. Equality before the law, is, equal subjection of all citizens to the ordinary law of the land administered hy the law t-uurts. The primacy of the rights of the individual, that is, the constitulion i, Lhc result of Lhe rights of the individual rather than the constitution being the source of the individual rights

32. #32Practice set
    Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of 'Freedom'?
    • AIt is the condition in which people can develop their capabilities
    • BIt means absence of any type of rules and regulations
    • CIt is the privilege to do whatever one likes
    • DIt means the complete absence of restraints and constraints
    Answer: (A) It is the condition in which people can develop their capabilities
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct or Liberty, as elaborated in the Preamble, is for the successful functioning of the Indian democratic system. Absence of constraints is only one freedom. Freedom is also about expanding the people to freely express themselves am! develop Freedom in this sense is the condition in can develop their creativity and capabilities

33. #33Practice set
    The idea of 'Economic Justice' as an objective of Constitution is provided in which of the following provisions?
    • AThe Preamble and Fundamental Rights
    • BThe Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
    • CThe Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
    • DNone of the above
    Answer: (B) The Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Justice' the objectives of Constitution has one of the Indian provided in the Preamble and Principles of State Policy. The Preamble achieve - Social, Economic and Political. Principles of State Policy lay down the a democratic socialist state, aim at providing social justice, and set the path towards welfare state

34. #34Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. The Constitutional Bench of the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) defined the Basic Structure as 'provisions which cherishes Constitutional sovereignty and Individual liberty'. 2. Supreme Court in the Golaknath case (1967) held that an amendment under Article 368 can be defined as 'law' within the ambit of Article 13. 3. 'Limited amending power of the Parliament' is added to be a part of the Basic Structure in the Minerva Mills case (1980).How many statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct l is incorrect. The Kesavananda Bharati case held that the "basic structure of the Constitution could Practkebook not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment". did not specify what would constitute leaving it open for courts to interpret on a case by-case Court listed some Basic Structures of as: Supremacy of the Constitution Unity and sovereignty of India Democratic and republican form of government Federal character of the Constitution Secular character of the Constitution Separation of power Individual 13 (4) gave birth to the Basic Structure said that a basic structure of the constitution do cannot be 2 is correct. The Golak Nath ruling 13 and 368 of the Constitution. While prohibits Parliament from framing 'laws' that rights guaranteed under Part of Article 368 empowers Parliament to was held in this case that an amendment under can be defined as 'law'

35. #35Practice set
    The Parliament can amend any part of the Constitution of India but without affecting the 'basic structure'. Which of the following features form part of the 'basic structure' of the Constitution? 1. Welfare state. 2. Federalism. 3. Principle of Separation of 4. Freedom and dignity of the individual.Select the correct answer using the code gi below
    • A1, 2 and 4 only
    • B1, 2 and 3 only
    • C2 and 3 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Parliament under Article 368 can amend any part of but without affecting the 'basic structure' of From the various judgements of the the following are considered as 'basic features' of Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary Federal character of the Constitution Welfare state (socio-economic justice) Freedom and dignity of the individual

36. #36Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the doctrine of 'Basic Structure': 1. The term 'Basis Structure' was added to the Constitution of India through 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978. 2. It does not apply to any law which are placed under the Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. 3. It is applicable to all the Constitutional amendments enacted after 26th November, 1950. 4. Bangladesh is the only country apart from India that has recognized the principle of 'Basic Structure'.How many of the above given statements is/ are correct?
    • ANone
    • BOnly one
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (A) None
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct answer. l is incorrect: The term 'Basic Structure' philosophy is described in the Constitution of amendment has been ever brought to Basic Structure Doctrine in our Constitution. It is innovation which even the Supreme Court is yet or clarify as to what constitutes the 'basic the 2 is incorrect: The Ninth Schedule contains of central and state laws which cannot be challenged In IR Coelho case, the Court determined that to give absolute immunity at whim is the basic structure theory, and as a result, the in the Ninth Schedule would no longer 3 is incorrect: In the Waman Rao case Court clarified that doctrine would be apply amendments enacted after April 24, 4 is incorrect: The basic structure a common law legal doctrine that the constitution of state has certain characteristics that cannot by its legislature. The doctrine is recognized in Malaysia, Pakistan, and Ug

37. #37Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding 'Basic Structure Doctrine': 1. India is the only legal system in the world which defines the 'Basic Structure Doctrine' within the Constitution. 2. Singapore is the only country other than India to acknowledge Basic Structure Doctrine.Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct 1 is incorrect. The basic features of have not been explicitly defined by nox hy The doctrine is not written in consti.tudmrnl manner in India. per! iaµs the only legal system in the world this doctrine with an expressed, written and maimer through article of its 2 is The Basic Structure recognized in Ind.la, !faxigl.adesh, Malaysia, tmd Uganda. The High Court of Singapore application of the bask doctrine in Solution Option a is !Jw unred 1 is correct, H is true that a bill amending structure of the constitution cannot be introduced state legislative assemblies. In fact, no bill can be introduced in the state 2 is incorrect: Parliament can rights if such changes does not affect of the 4 is incorrect: High court can strike down actions even if it violates non-basic the constitution. Article 226 of the Indian the high court the power to review which contravenes any

38. #38Practice set
    Which of the following are included as basic structure of the Constitution through the various Supreme Court judgements? 1. Republic nature of the Indian polity. 2. Welfare state. 3. Freedom and dignity of the individual. 4. Sovereignty of Parliament. 5. Free and fair elections.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 3 and 5 only
    • B1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    • C1, 2 and 3 only
    • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Answer: (B) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme down a new doctrine of the 'basic structure' ( or of the Constitution. It ruled that the of Parliament under Article 368 does not to alter the 'basic structure' of the Constitution. that the Parliament cannot abridge or take away Right that forms a part of the 'basic the the Supreme Court is yet to define or clarify what constitutes the 'basic structure' of the the various judgements, the following have emerged features' of the Constitution or elements of the of the constitution: Supremacy of the Constitution Sovereign, democratic and republican nature of the Indian polity Secular character of the Constitution Separation uf powers belween the legislature, the executive and the judiciary Federal character of the Constitution Unity and integrity of the nation Welfare state (socio-economic justice) Judicial review Freed

39. #39Full-length test
    With reference to cultural history in India, which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding 'Apabhramsa'?
    • AIt is an umbrella term which includes dialects other than Sanskrit
    • BIt was a literary language and was used to write several texts
    • CIt was exclusively used by the Brahmanas
    • DHindi has its roots in ancient Apabhramsa language
    Answer: (B) It was a literary language and was used to write several texts
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct a is incorrect. The Indian brand of socialism is a 'democratic socialism' and not a 'communistic socialism holds faith in a 'mixed both public and private sectors co-exist b is correct. In Samatha vs. State of the Supreme Court defined socialism as of the egalitarian social order through the law as the basic structure of the constitution. The emphasis on social justice to attain substantial degree economic and political equality. The court idea of distributive justice to serve common c is incorrect. Indian Socialism does not imply of wealth among dis incorrect. Supreme Court in Nakara Case that Indian socialism is a blend of Marxism leaning heavily towards Gandhism. It means State aims to achieve socialist ends by democratic means Important Tips How Indian socialism is different from socialism in communist countries? Multiparty system- India has a multi party syst

40. #40Full-length test
    Which of the following is the most essential feature to ensure constitutionalism?
    • AWritten Constitution
    • BDoctrine of Basic Structure
    • CLimited Government
    • DMulfr-party system
    Answer: (C) Limited Government
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct concept of constitutionalism is a mechanism legitimacy to a democratic government: It should not be confused with the legality of the acts of in a government c is correct- Louis Henkin defines constituting the following elements: 1) to the constitution; (2) separation of power; of the people and, democratic constitutional review; (5) independent judiciary; government subject to a bill of individual rights; the police; (8) civihan control. of the. (9) no state power, or very limited and state power, to suspend the operation of of, or the entire, constitution. Limited government it follows constitutional morality and exercise limited manner

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