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Vedic Period — UPSC Prelims Ancient & Medieval previous year questions — page 2

68 solved previous year questions on Vedic Period, papers from 1990 to 2020, drawn from UPPCS, State PCS, UPSC CSE Prelims. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #41Practice set
   Consider following statements about Vedic texts: 1. The Rigveda contains hymns dedicated to various gods and goddesses. 2. The Yajurveda contains instructions on performing rituals and sacrifices. 3. The Samaveda is mainly composed of musical chants used during religious ceremonies. 4. The is a collection of spells, charms, and prayers to ward off evil and diseases.How many of the statements given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • COnly three
   • DAll four
   Answer: (D) All four
   Explanation

   Option dis the correct word 'Veda' means knowledge or wisdom, and the is believed to contain the highest and most that has been revealed to I is correct: The Rig Veda is the oldest of the consists of 1028 hymns or mantras. These hymns in Sanskrit and were primarily sung in praise deities, such as Agni, Indra, and 2 is correct: The Yajurveda consists of on the performance of rituals and the mantras and procedures that were to by the priests and the people who performed 3 is correct: The Sama Veda is a collection and chants that were used during the sacrifices. The Sama Veda is believed to be the origin classical music, as it contains the basic principles rhythm, and 4 is correct: The Atharvaveda is a collection charms, prayers and incantations to ward off diseases

2. #42Practice set
   Consider the following pairs of terms used in Vedic period and their meaning: 1. Goghna Head of the village 2. Vrajapati Officer in Charge of Pastoral Lands 3. Bhagadugha. Revenue collectorHow many of the pairs given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • CAll three
   • DNone
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct 1 is incorrect: According to the Vedas, a guest who beef as part of the hospitality ritual was referred in a Hindu household. The Gramini was the by the king to look after the administration 2 is correct: Vrajapati was in charge of pasture the Rig Vedic administration. Vrajapati was an enjoyed authority over a large stretch of land or 3 is correct: Bhagadugha refers to officials during Vedic age. He is mentioned in texts person responsible for collection of royal shares

3. #43Practice set
   Consider the following statements regal'ding the religious beliefs of Eady Vedic period:l. People used to worship forces of the nature. 2. The Doctrine of Karma emerged during this period. 3. The people did not perform any sacrifices for worship. 4. The Early Vedic people did not build temples for worship.How many of the statements given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • COnly three
   • DAll four
   Answer: (C) Only three
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct Early Vedic Period or the Rig Vedic period began BC and continued up to 1000 BC. The religion period was simple and people worshiped the of 1 is correct: During Early Vedic period the forces of nature such as the Sun, the Wind, the Dawn, the Water, the rain god Indra, Vedic hymns were composed in praise of mentions that thirty-three gods and goddesses by the 2 is correct: The idea of Karma first appears oldest Hindu text the Rigveda. In ancient texts simply to ritual and sacdficial action. had attached profound importance to the Karma or Action. In other words, a good good deeds was rewarded whereas the evil punished for evil 3 is incorrect: Early Vedic People ritual sacrifices known as yajnas to please Apart from offedng animal sacrifices, they milk, ghee, wine, grains, etc. by throwing them fire as part of yajnas. The fire was considered sacred d to act as an in

4. #44Practice set
   Consider the following statements with reference to Philosophy of 'Upanishads': 1. The Upanishads mostly focused on ritualistic details and sacrificial traditions. 2. The Upanishads teach that brahman resides in the atman. 3. There are six stages in life according to the Upanishads.How many of the statements given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • CAllthree
   • DNone
   Answer: (A) Only one
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct 1 is incorrect: Unlike Vedas that focused details, uses and traditions, Upanishads Spiritual enlightenment. The Upanishads are said to have he 'truth' about human life and show the way salvation or 2 is correct: Brahman (the real) is sound, prayer that conveys insight into ultimate reality if erly. Atman is the soul or spirit that is attached to The Upanishads present a vision of an with a single, unifying principle behind diversity in the cosmos, any articulation of called brahman. Within this context, the Upanishads brahman resides in the atman, the unchanging core human 3 is the Upanishads, it is there are four stages in life: Brahmachari who then graduates into grihasta (a an age he becomes a vanaprastha (a hermit), the in life is of a sanyasi (an ascetic). Once a person ascetic, the next phase is to strive for the achievement or salvation. Important Tips The

5. #45Practice set
   Which one of the following, best describes th e term 'Sangl'ihitri' used d uring the Vedic age?
   • ACommander of the Sangha
   • BPriests who guided the actions of tribal chiefs KING. R QUEEN P [ ]
   • COfficer in charge of pasture lands
   • DOfficer in charge of collecting taxes and tributes
   Answer: (D) Officer in charge of collecting taxes and tributes
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct the later Vedic period collection of taxes and common This were deposited with the officer Important Tips Term 'Purohit' was used for the Priests during rig Vedic times. They guided and helped tribal chiefs in decision making 'Vajrapati' was the officer who enjoyed authority over pasture lands. He led heads of families called kulapas, or the heads of fighting hordes called gramanis

6. #46Practice set
   Which of the following statements regarding Rig Vedic Age is/ are correct? 1. Agriculture was mainly used to produce fodder. 2. Society was divided based on collection of taxes and accumulation of landed property.Select the correct option using the code given below
   • A1 only
   • B2 only
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2 '79
   Answer: (A) 1 only
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct I is correct: Rig Vedic Aryans pastoral people. Agriculture was to them, but it was used mainly to produce 2 is incorrect: Social divisions based of taxes and accumulation of landed property The society was still tribal and largely egalitarian

7. #47Practice set
   With reference to the ancient legen d s of Battle of the Ten Kings during Vedic period, which of the following statements is correct?
   • AIt took place n ear the present-day Ravi River
   • BThe battle remained inconclusive
   • CThe Bharatas acted as the arbitrator in the battle
   • DPurus didn't participate in the battle
   Answer: (A) It took place n ear the present-day Ravi River
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct a is correct: The Battle of Ten Kings took the Parusni River (Ravi River) in b is incorrect: The battle didn't Fought on the Parushini (present day it gave victory to Sudas and established of the c is incorrect: The Bharatas were a party in the d is incorrect: Purus participated in the ten kings and were the most important from amongst tribes. Subsequently, the Purus hands Aryans and formed a ruling tribe called the Kurus

8. #48Practice set
   Which of the following statements with regard to Early Vedic Society is/are correct? 1. The society was governed by tribal values and was largely egalitarian. 2. There is no evidence of women scholars in Early Vedic period. 3. People mostly enjoyed the freedom to pursue occupation of their choice.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
   • A1 Only
   • B1 and 3 Only
   • C2 and 3 Only
   • D1, 2 and 3
   Answer: (B) 1 and 3 Only
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct l is correct: Early Vedic Society was governed values and norms and was largely 2 is incorrect: Women were given as men for their spiritual and There were women poets like Ghosa, Lopamudra and Gargi during the 3 is correct: In the early Vedic age, there was system. Instead, they were divided into classes. the same family could pursue different occupations, and trades and could change it at will. There was restriction in intermarriage and change of occupation

9. #49Practice set
   With reference to the Ancient Indian social structure, consider the following statements: 1. The people who did not belong to the Vedic tribes were term ed Dasa Varna. 2. The members of the Brahman 'Varna' usually associated with the political functions. 3. The Varna system emerged principally because of frequent inter-tribal and intra tribal wars.How many of the statements given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • CAll three
   • DNone
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option bis the correct l is correct: The major differentiation people on the basis of 'Varna' or color. Thus, who did not belong to the Vedic tribes were dasa Varna. They are said to have had an alien worshiped different 2 is incorrect: The members of the usually functioned as priests. The Kshatriyas with the political functions, the Vaishyas agriculturists and the Shudras were the servile 3 is correct: The initial differentiation into a complex 'Varna system', which in the Tribe had divided society into Brahman, and Shudra categories. These categories because of frequent inter-tribal and intra tribal wars, subjugation of the vanquished, loot by the war-leaders, and unequal distribution

10. #50Practice set
    reference to the Vedic culture, consider the following statements: 1. The Rig Veda describes Agni as the destroyer of cities. 2. The early Ve dic worshipped forces of nature and personified them as gods. 3. The prominent Gods of the early Vedic period lost their prominence during the later Vedic period.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct 1 is incorrect: Rig Veda contains about in praise of Indra who is described as a destroyer and there are 200 hymns in praise of God Agni. considered to be an intermediary between heaven i.e., between gods and 2 is correct: The early Vedic people of nature and personified them as gods Indra, Agni, Varuna, Marut were some of while Usha: Adi ti, Prithvi were some of their 3 is correct: The prominent Gods of the period like Indra, Agni and Varona lost and popularity. Their place was taken by a of Gods where Brahma enjoyed the supreme Vishnu became the preserver and Shiva completed

11. #51Practice set
    In the context of the rivers of India, consider the following pairs: 1. Indus Sindhu 2. Ravi Asikini 3. Chenab ParushniHow many of the above pair are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct I is correctly matched: The Sindhu identical is the river par excellence of Aryans and it mentioned. This river was known to the in Sanskrit as Sindhu and the Persians as was regarded by both of them as "the border 2 is incorrectly matched: Battle of ten kings on the river Parushni, identical with river gave its victory to 3 is incorrectly matched: The Chenab River was in the Rig-Veda. The name meant that it was seen dark-coloured waters

12. #52Practice set
    Which among the following is/ are correct with respect to the Harappan civilization? 1. Ploughing was known to Harappan people. 2. Fortification was found at all the sites associated with Harappan Civilization. 3. Northern black polished ware type of pottery was found in Harappan settlements. Select the correct answer from the options given belm-v: by animals 93. The Aryans of Rig Vedic period introduced many new practices in the Indian subcontinent. In this context, consider the following statements: 1. The Aryans introduced the plough for farming in Indi 2. Practice ot using bricks for house construction was introdu_c ed by Aryans. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? i. 94. With regards to the characteristics of the I Aryans in the fairly Vedic Period, which 1 t. among the following are correct? 1. The cow was most sacred animal and wars were fought over cows. 2. The King did not maintain standing army. 3. The people could select a king from the members of a royal family. Select the correct answer from the options given below: 95. Consider the following statements with reference to the family system of the Rig Vedic Aryans: 1. The term family included slaves also. 2. The institution of marriage was not estabiished. 3. There was a strong preference for sons.How many of the statements given above are correct? - i l '
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only
    • CWorship of proto Ganesha
    • D1 and 2 only Practiceb o o k 0 (,_ _ 92
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct I is correct: Kalibangan in Rajasthan one of the earliest evidences (c. BC) field ever revealed through an excavation Statement 2 is incorrect: While fortification is found in most of the sites of Harappan civilization, there have been a few sites where no evidence of fortification has Chanhudaro in Sindh is one such 3 is incorrect: Red and Black pottery type in Harappan settlements mostly. Northern Ware is associated with urban Iron Age of the Indian Subcontinent, lasting c. 700-200 the Painted Grey Ware culture and Black and culture. It developed beginning around 700 BCE, in Vedic period

13. #53Practice set
    With reference to the practice of sacrificial offerings during the Later Vedic Age, which among the following statements are correct? 1'. Sacrificial offerings mainly comprised of the sacrifice of cattle. 2. The person performing the yajana for domestic or public purpose was called Yajamana 3. Sacrifices performed within the house stopped during later vedic period.Select the correct answer from the options given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2, and 3
    Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is correct: Sacdficial offerings sacrifice of cattle and the guest was known or one who feeds on cattle. It resulted in cattle 2 is correct: The person performing the domestic or public purpose was called Yajamana. of the yajana depended on the correct the prayers and hymns Statement 3 is incorrect: While the sacrifices the cult of domestic hearth sacrifices within the household continued as in Vedic Period

14. #54Practice set
    With reference to the Magadh Empire, consider the following statements: 1. The capital of Magadh Empire was Rajgir during the reign of Bimbisara. 2. Ajatasatru established matrimonial alliance with Vaishali for the safety of Northern frontier of Magadha empire. 3. The first standing army of India was created in Magadha empire by Ajatasatru.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Magadha Empire encompasses the rule of over time - Haryanka Dynasty, and Nanda Dynasty. The timeline of the is to be from 684 BCE to 320 l is correct: Bimbisara established the of Magadha at Rajagriha or Rajgir. Rajagriba by five hills and proved to be impenetralc. of Magadh Empire shifted to Pataliputra during of 2 is incorrect: Bimbisara married Chellana, of the Licchavi fami ly of Vaisali. This matrimonial secured for him the safety of the northern Ajatshatru didn't established alliance but Kosala and 3 is incorrect: The first standing army of created in Maghada by the ruler The reign of Ajatasatru was remarkable for conquests. He fought against Kosala and Vaisali. a great success against a formidable confederacy led Lich chavis of Vaisali. i

15. #55Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to religious beliefs and practices during Sangam age: 1. This period witnessed conflict and animosity between north Indian and south Indian religious traditions. 2. Sangam Literature Paripadal has references to Vishnu, Shiva, and Durga. 3. Local people during Sangam Age worshipped a deity called Murugan.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone Practice
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct evidence for the movement of Brahmins and of Vedic ritual practices is found in the But the varnashrama ideology was yet to take root Tamil 1 is incorrect: In the field of religion, witnessed a close and peaceful inten,ction Indian and south Indian traditions (not the animosity). The evidence for the movement of the performance of Vedic ritual practices is found in texts. There are also references to the presence and Jains in Tamil 2 is correct: The Paripatal the eighth some poems that deal with chiefly four deities Shiva, Durga, and 3 is correct: The local people, particularly the hills, worshipped a deity called Murugan, which India come to be identified with Kartikeya, a

16. #56Practice set
    Which of the following characterize/ characterizes the religion of the Sangam Period? 1. Subramaniya was the primary deity of the people. 2. Vedic sacrifices were regularly performed by the common people. 3. There was a complete absence of image worship.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A2 only
    • B1 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (B) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the con-ect 1 is correct. The primary deity of the was Seyon or Murugan, who was also He is hailed as Tamil 2 is incorrect. During the Sangam age, the the Vedic sacrifices. (Not by common first appeared in the Tamil land in the But the Brahmanical influence was confined to of Tamil 3 is incorrect. The Hero Stone or Nadu was significant in the Sangam period. The was erected in memory of the bravery shown by in battle This kind of worshipping the deceased great antiquity

17. #57Practice set
    In the context of ancient Indian social structure, the term 'Anirvasita' refers to
    • AShudras living outside the village community
    • Bwomen who were prohibited from participating in Vedic rituals
    • Cthe heterodox sects who rejected the authority of the Vedas and Brahmanical traditions
    • Dthe artisan and craftsmen communities who were believed to be descendants of non-Aryan tribes
    Answer: (A) Shudras living outside the village community
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Dharma Sutrakaras made a distinction between of Shudras in ancient India. Sachudra meant and asac-chudra meant uncultured Shudra. lived in the village community and lived outside it

18. #58Practice set
    Consider the following statement regarding the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty: 1. They offered successful resistance to the Arabs during the time of Nagabhata I. 2. There is a detailed description of mantriparishad or ministers in the inscriptions of this period. 3. Caste system was prevalent in India during the Gurjara-Pratihara period. 4. Teli-ka-Mandir in Gwalior fort is the oldest surviving large-scale Pratihara work. Practic LHIHow many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (C) Only three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct: The Gurjara-Pratiharas came in the second quarter of the 8th century. successful resistance to the Arabs during the Nagabhata 2 is incorrect: In the Gurjara-Pratihara occupied the highest position in the state and powers. However, there is no reference or ministers in the inscriptions of 3 is correct: The caste system was prevalent during the Gurjara-Pratihara period and the all four varnas of the Vedic period is found in as well. The inscription refers to the Vipra and several Prakrit words are used for people of each caste were divided into different 4 is correct: The Gurjara-Pratihara rulers patrons of arts, architecture, and literature. The groups of architectural works related to can be found at Osian in the heart of Gurjara great fort of Chittor. They had also reached The extraordinary Teli-ka-Mandir in Gwalior fort oldest surviving large-scale

19. #59Practice set
    Consider the following pairs:Ur General assembly of the local residents 2. Sabha Assembly of Brahmana landholders 3. Nagaram Associations of tradersHow many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct. Ur: The general assembly of the of non-Brahmadeya villages (or It is believed that members of the assembly than ten. Ur is generally a settlement of I is correct. Sabha: Two inscriptions belonging to of Parantaka I found at Uttaramerur provide the formation and functioning of Sabhas. The an assembly of Brahmans/adult male members in which enjoyed a large measure of 3 is correct. Nagaram: Nagaram was an assembly traders and artisans

20. #60Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to the Chola Empire: 1. Brahmadeyas in the Chola period were separate villages and they had a separate administrative system of revenue and justice. Practice _r 2. The Karantai plates inform us how the sabha and other committees were fonned in this period.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct I is correct: Most of the brahmadeyas settlements were centred round the temple inform us that many of the bralunadeyas in period were taniyur (separate village) in a had a separate administrative system (Revenue 2 is incorrect: The inscriptions give prerequisites like age, landholding, behaviour for membership to an executive sabha. The Karantai plates (1080 brahmanas) refer but do not inform us how the sabha and were formed. They were not established by Their origin may be attributed to

21. #61Practice set
    With respect:to the history of Medieval India, which among the following are the major contributions of Tomara dynasty? l. They constructed waterworks in the Delhi area. 2. They installed the famous 'iron pillar' in Mehrauli. 3. They started exclusive colleges for femaleSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • BJ. and 2 only
    • C3 only
    • D2 and 3 only
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Tomara dynasty ruled the Hariyana (Haryana) their capital at Dhillika (Delhi) and they are believed a feudatory of the I is correct: The Tomaras were associated with of the earliest surviving waterworks in area. Anangapala n was the founder of the citadel Kot in the Mehrauli area and also built a tank known Anang Tai. Similarly, the famous Suraj Kund Faridabad, Haryana) is said to have been a Tomara king named 2 is incorrect: The iron pillar at Mehrauli 11th century inscription which refers to one of famous kings of the Tomara dynasty. However, did not install that iron pillar. The iron pillar is a structure 7.21 metres high that was Chandragupta II. The Pillar is famous for its despite being made of iron, and having in the 5th century 3 is incorrect: The Tomaras did not start any female education. They had a very short rule in the They often had conflicts with th

22. #62Practice set
    Consider the following statements about Natyashastra, an ancient Indian epic: 1. It is in the form of an informal discourse between the author and several other Munis ( disciples) on questions related to Natya-Veda. 2. It is the first book on dramaturgy in India which prescribes rules of acting and theatre art. 3. It was composed by Sarangadeva.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    i Exp) Option b is the correct 1 is correct: Natyashastra takes form of discourse between Bharata Muni and a other Munis who approached him with Natya Veda related questions. In this book, Bharata explains topics composition, play structure and stage genres, and so on Statement 2 is correct: Natyashastra is the first dramaturgy (the theory and practice of in India. It contains the rules and performance, the theatre hall, acting, stage direction, 3 is incorrect: Natyashastra was written by Bharata Muni between 200 BC and 200 AD. believed to be the first work that clarified and the subject of musicology. Sarangadeva (13th wrote the classic text on music, the

23. #63Practice set
    With reference to various sects associated with Shaivism, consider the following statements: 1. Veershaivism rejects the authority of the Vedas. 2. Aghoris aim to attain salvation from the cycle of reincarnation. 3. Siddhars were associated with medicinal practices. 4. Nathpanthis worship Shiva in the Bhairav formHow many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (C) Only three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct I is correct: Lingayatism or Veershaivism is Shaivite tradition which believes in worship. It is centered around Lord Shiva in of Linga. It rejects the authority of the Vedas caste system. The tradition was established in the AD by 2 is correct: Aghoris are the devotees of as Bhairava and are monists who seek the cycle of reincarnation. It is done through cremation grounds. They indulge in extreme, practices They practise Aghor 3 is correct: Siddhars or Siddhas were alchemists and mystics all in one from Tamil developed the native Siddha medicine attain spiritual perfection through special to perfect their 4 is incorrect: Nathpanthis also known as adhere to the teachings of Gorakhnath and worship Adinath, a form of Shiva use the technique of Hatha Yoga to transform into a state of awakened self's identity with

24. #64Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 58. I. In ancient India, the term 'ayas' referred to different types of metal. 2. The book Rasaratnakara deals with the different processes of metallurgy.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct I is correct: Rigveda found the mention types of metals like gold, copper and zinc. of Rigveda give an account of uses of different types The Sanskrit term ayas is used for referring of metals. Another scripture Atharvaveda found of J.ohit ayas and syam ayas meaning copper 2 is correct: Nagarjuna wrote on different processes of metallurgy. It for preparation of liquids (mainly mercury). Important Tips Nagarjuna was born in Gujrat in 93 He was one of the famous alchemists of ancient times and was an expert in transforming the base metals into gold

25. #65Practice set
    With reference to Pottery work in ancient India, consider the following statements: 1. Earliest evidence of pottery in India was found from the Chalcolithic period. 2. Painted Grey Ware pottery is associated with the Vedic period. 3. Northern Black Polished Ware is linked with beginning of second urbanization in India.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct has been known as the 'Lyric of handicrafts out of clay has been one of the earliest crafts 1 is incorrect: The earliest evidence of in Mesolithic period and not chalcolithic India. The remnants show that the art of clay was highly developed in 2 is correct: Painted Grey Ware pottery, typically grey in colour and was related to Vedic B.C.) It is characterized by a style of fine, painted with geometric patterns in black. The is associated with village and town horses and 3 is correct: Northern Black Polished NBPW phase marked the beginning of the in India. Second urbanization means of sixteen Mahajanapadas from Janapadas in of 500 to 600 B.C. in the Indian subcontinent. saw agricultural improvements in middle of

26. #66Full-length test
    Consider the following statements regarding various socio-political conditions during later Vedic period (1000-600 BCE): 1. The system of all the four stages of life ('Asramas') got well established during the later Vedic period. 2. Upanishads composed during this period advocated the performance of rituals as means to achieve salvation. 3. The practice of maintaining the standing army was prevalent during the later Vedic period.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (D) None
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct period between 1000-600 BCE is characterized as Vedic period. This period has witnessed changes in society as compared to the I is incorrect: Asramas or the four stages of not well established during the Vedic times. In Vedic period, only brahmachari (student), vanprastha {partial retirement) The later Vedic texts do not mention about asram sanyasa (complete retirement from the all the four asrams were not established during period. They got well established in the 2 is incorrect: During the late Vedic period, a strong reaction against priestly domination, and rituals. The Upanishads were composed in of Panchala and Videha at around 600 BCE. texts criticized. the and laid the value of right belief and knowledge. They emphasized 2 that relationship of aatma and Brahma should be properly understood. Statement 3 is incorrect: During later Vedic period, the formation

27. #67Full-length test
    With reference to the Early Vedic society, which of the following statements is correct?
    • AThere was no concept of private property based on 1 and ownership
    • BThe people during the period were unaware of the wooden plough. 75
    • CThe Social stratification was completely absent
    • DThe practice of child marriage and sati was prevalent in society
    Answer: (A) There was no concept of private property based on 1 and ownership
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct a is correct. In the Early Vedic society evidence and commerce was very little, and there was no private property based on land ownership. The clan as enjoyed rights over the b is incorrect. Wooden plough with a for tilling the agricultural land with mention during the Early Vedic period. Thus, people were aware of wooden plogh. In the Early a lot of other crafts such as cart-making, sewing, and weaving, find mentioned, though enjoyed a special status in Rig Vedic racing and dice gambling were popular c is incorrect. Even though a socially system" was not prevalent and tribal elements in the society. Yet Rig Vedic society can still not a totally egalitarian society as social based on the division of labour and gender in the dis incorrect. In the Early Vedic period the patriarchal in nature, though the women had in the society since they were educated and to the as

28. #68Full-length test
    Which of the following is/are associated with Vedic Literature? 1. Kalpa Sutra 2. Nirukta 3. Narad Smriti 4. Parashara Smriti { }Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B1 and 2 only
    • C3 and 4 only
    • D2, 3 and 4 only
    Answer: (B) 1 and 2 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct Sutra (Rituals) and Nirukta (Etytn.ology), both with vedic means proper. It focuses on the procedure associated with vedic rituals explains the reason why a particular word has The only work surviving of Nirukta is Nirukta of is the collection of difficult vedic words and is the in the world { Vedangas include Shiksha (Phonetics), Chhanda (Metrics) and Jyotisha 3 and 4 are incorrect: Smriti class of Hindu based on human memory, it is distinct from which are Shruti. Narada Smriti and Parashara two of the Smritis. Other Smritis include Manu Smriti, Brihaspati Smriti, Katyayana Smriti

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