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Vedic Period — UPSC Prelims Ancient & Medieval previous year questions

68 solved previous year questions on Vedic Period, papers from 1990 to 2020, drawn from UPPCS, State PCS, UPSC CSE Prelims. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #1UPSC CSE Prelims 2011
   The and "Rita" depict a central Idea of ancient Vedic civilization of India. In this context, consider the following statements: 1. Dharma was a conception of obligations and of the discharge of one's duties to oneself and to others. 2. Rita was the fundamental moral law governing the functioning of the universe and all it contained. Wliich the siateme_n ts given above / /
   • A1
   • B2 only
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2
   Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct 1 is correct. In Hinduism, dharma is one of components of the Purushartha, the aims of life, behaviours that are considered to be in Rita, the order that makes life and universe possible. duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and of 2 is correct. Rita is the physical order of the order of the sacrifice, and the moral law world

2. #2UPSC CSE Prelims 1995
   Who among the following was a Brahmavadini who composed some hymns of the Vedas?
   • ALopamudra
   • BGargi
   • CLeelavati
   • DSavitri
   Answer: (A) Lopamudra
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct or "an expounder of the Veda" are who composed any hymns of the Vedas. among them were Lopamudra, and Maitreyi. Lopamudra was the wife of the A hymn in the Rigveda is attributed to the wife of Yajnavalkya, is accredited with hymns in Rig suktas of the tenth Mandala of Rigveda each verses have been attributed to Ghosha. Important Tips Savitri is a legendary woman known for her devotion and determination. The most famous story about Savitri is that of Savitri and Satyavan, which is narrated in the Mahabharata. Savitri's husband, Satyavan, was destined to die within a year, and through her unwavering devotion and intelligence, she managed to outwit Yama, the god of death, and save her husband's life 1 eelavati" is the title of a famous medieval Indian mathematical treatise written by the Indian mathematician Bhaskaracharya in the 12th century. The Leelavati covers va

3. #3UPPCS 2017
   Study the following statements about the Vedic God Indra and select the correct answer from the codes given below: 1. Was the God of thunder. 45. 2. Punished the sinners. 3. Was the guardian of the moral order. 4. Was the God of rain. Codes
   • A1 and 2 are correct
   • B1 and 3 are correct
   • C2 and 4 are correct
   • D1 and 4 are correct
   Answer: (D) 1 and 4 are correct
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct is considered as king of the gods. He is one of the of the Rigveda. In early religious texts, Indra plays of roles. As king, he leads cattle raids against or dasyus, native inhabitants of the lands over people range. He brings rain as god of the he is considered as God of Thunder and is the Vedic god He is the ruler of the sky realm upholder of cosmic and moral law is responsible for the dispensation of law f sinners in his abode, Yamapuri. He is as Kala, and Dharmaraja. He is the Hindu god and justice

4. #4State PCS 2010
   'Trayi' is a name for- 73.Which one of the following animals is not depicted on the Harappan seal?
   • AThree Vedas
   • BDharma, Sangha and Buddha
   • CThree Gods in Hindu Pantheon
   • DThree seasons (b) Elephant
   Answer: (A) Three Vedas
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct Veda, Yajur Veda and Sama Veda are collectively as trayi Veda in Satapatha Brahmana. Rig Veda has the Vedic gods for the prosperity of the Veda supplies the details relating to the sacrifices Veda contains hymns mostly culled from Rig Veda sung in order to praise the gods and manes. Atharva the youngest of all the four Vedas and was not Trayi Veda was introduced. Hence, Atharva Veda is part of Trayi Veda. Important Tips Satapatha Brahmana: The Satapatha Brahmana is an explanation of the Shukla Yajurveda. It is attributed to the Vedic sage Yajnavalkya. Predominantly in its explanation of sacrificial ceremonies, the Satapatha Brahmana delivers technical information of geometry and experimental astrophysics from the Vedic era Shatapatha Brahmana gives details about expansion of the Aryans to the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent and refers to the eastern rivers

5. #5State PCS 2010
   Vedic River Askini is identified with which (d) Sheep one of the following rivers? 74. Give the name of the tribe which is not related to the 'Panchjana' of the Rig Veda
   • ABeas Aryans
   • BRavi (a) Yadu
   • CChenab (b) Puru
   • DJhelum (c) Turvasa
   Answer: (C) Chenab (b) Puru
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct was known as 'Askini' in the Rig Vedic Period. is traditionally known as Chandrabhaga River. Important Tips Sindhu Indus Sutudri Satluj Vitasta Jhelum Vipasa Beas Askini Chenab Parushni Ravi

6. #6UPPCS 2010
   Which of the following rivers mentioned (d) Kikat in the Rig Veda indicates the relations of 75. Inwhich of the Vedas, Sabha and Samiti are Aryans with Afghanistan? called as two daughters of Prajapati?
   • AAskini (a) Rig Veda
   • BParushni (b) Samveda
   • CKubha, Kramu (c) Yajurveda
   • DVipasha, Shutudri (d) Atharvaveda _ _, 1 _
   Answer: (C) Kubha, Kramu (c) Yajurveda
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct Kabul or kubha River emerges in the Sanglakh the Hindu Kush Mountains in Afghanistan. this river is the m ain river in the eastern part It is also known as the Kaba! River. This also mentioned in the Rig Veda, the earliest scripture under the name of Kubha

7. #7UPPCS 2008
   Which of the following river among the following referred as 'Matetama', 'Devitama' and 'Naditama' in the Rig Veda?
   • ASindhu
   • BSaraswati
   • CVitasta
   • D1 1 _
   Answer: (B) Saraswati
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct river Sarswati is referred to as Matetama, Devitama in Rigveda. It is identified with in Haryana and Rajasthan. Important Tips Saraswati River: Saraswati River is a holy river first mentioned in the Rigveda. It is part of the Sapta Sindhu rivers mentioned in the Rig Veda. The other rivers are Sindhu (Indus), Sutudri (Satluj), Vitasta (Jhelum), Vipasa (Beas), Askini (Chenab) and Parushni (Ravi). The Rig Veda says the Saraswati flows between the Satluj in the west and the Yamuna in the east, and as flowing into the samudra

8. #8State PCS 2007
   In the post-Vedic period which was considered as the axis of Aryan Culture
   • AAnga, Magadha
   • BKos al, Videha
   • CKuru, Panchala
   • DMatsya, Shurasena
   Answer: (C) Kuru, Panchala
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct answer During the Later Vedic period the upper Doab,vas the centre of the Aryan culture. The clans of Bharatas and Purus combined to the Kurus, and along with the Panchalas they occupied the central part of the Ganga-Yamuna doab. Panchala territory was in north-western _U ttar Pradesh. The Kuru-Panchalas became one major ethnic group and Hastinapur became their capital

9. #9UPPCS 2005
   The word Gotra occu.rs for the first time
   • AAtharvaveda
   • BRig Veda
   • CSamaveda
   • DYajurveda
   Answer: (B) Rig Veda
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct is generally a Kinship unit or a Clan. The word in 10 th Mandala of Rigveda. The hymn is the god Indra, and it describes the different gotras origins. The word "gotra" is derived from the "go" meaning "cow" and "tra" meaning "protection". means "cow protection" or "cowherd". In the it refers to a clan or lineage of people who trace back to a common ancestor

10. #10UPPCS 2004
    The Indus Valley culture was different from the Vedic Civilization because It -h ad the amenities of developed city lif
    • AAlamgirpur
    • BIt has a pictographic script
    • CIt lacked knowledge of iron and defensive arrow
    • DAll of the above 98. The largest site of Harappa in India is
    Answer: (D) All of the above 98. The largest site of Harappa in India is
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Valley Civilization was urban having amenities city life, whereas the Vedic Civilization was tree was worshipped in Indus Valley banyan tree was worshipped in Vedic civilization lacked knowledge of iron and whereas vedic civilization was acquainted with arrows. Indus civilization had pictographic vedic civilization had Sanskrit language. Important Tips Location Northwestern North-western Indian central India subcontinent Urbanization Highly urbanized Less urbanized, more rural Economy Based on Based on agriculture, agriculture, trade, and crafts pastoralism, and warfare Religion Polytheistic, Polytheistic, with with a focus a focus on Indra, on fertility and Agni, and other nature gods Social structure Classless society Class-based with some society with a evidence of hierarchy of priests, warriors, social hierarchy merchants, and farmers Art and Highly stylized M

11. #11UPPCS 2004
    Fundamental or basic script of the 'Rig Veda' was
    • ADevnagri
    • BKharoshthi
    • CPali
    • DBrahmi
    Answer: (D) Brahmi
    Explanation

    Option d is the cortect is the oldest writing systems used the and in Asia. The oldest manuscript Rig Veda is in Brahmi script which was dialect when the preserved as text. Important Tips Brahmi Script It is usually written from left to right. Brahmi is an abugida, meaning that each unit is based on consonant and the vowel notation is secondary, except when the vowels commence a word. The best-known Brahmi inscriptions are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka in 'North-Central India, dated 250- 232 BC. The script was deciphered in 1837 by James Prinsep

12. #12UPPCS 1999
    King Asvapati of the Upanishadic period was the ruler of
    • AKashi
    • BKekaya
    • CPanchala
    • DVideha
    Answer: (B) Kekaya
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct Asvapati of the Upanishadic Period was the ruler He was a well-known teacher of the age. The was situated on the bank of river Beas. is a significant figure in the Upanishadic he is mentioned in several Upanishads, including Upanishad and the Chaudogya is a reminder of the importance of knowledge and the Upanishadic worldview

13. #13UPPCS 1997
    The compilation. of which among the Is upon the Rig Veda?
    • AYajurveda
    • BSamaveda
    • CAtharvaveda
    • DNone of the above o
    Answer: (B) Samaveda
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Samaveda is shortest of all the four Vedas. It is with the Rigveda. Samaveda is an (Samhita), yet it has taken large number of Rigveda. These verses are chiefly derived from and the ninth Mandalas of the Rigveda. The compiled exclusively for ritual application, for its all meant to be chanted at the ceremonies of the Soma sacrifice and procedures derived from Option b is the correct history period was between prehistory and This period witnessed the developments of India Proto-History spans the period around from to 600 B.C. covering the Bronze Age and from the beginning of Harappan civilization up beginning of the historical period in 6th century is the period of Buddha and Mahavira. Important Tips Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of reco

14. #14UPPCS 1994
    'Ayurveda' that is 'Science of Life' appeared first in
    • AAranyaka
    • BSamveda
    • CYajurveda
    • DAtharvaveda
    Answer: (D) Atharvaveda
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct word Ayurveda comes from the word ayur and the word veda meaning to know. Ayurveda science of life, and is a medical system practiced Sri Lanka and Nepal. Ayurveda first appeared in Most 'tre.a tinents relating to good health are available in this vedic book. Important Tips Upa-Veda In Hinduism the term upaveda or Upved refers to traditional sciences/technical literature which have no connection whatever with the Sruti or revealed Veda. The four upavedas are as follows Ayurveda is the science of health and life and is with Atharvaveda: Dhanurveda refers to the science of warfare and is associated with Yajur Veda Gandharvaveda deals with various aspects of aesthetics including art-forms like music, dance, poetry, sculpture, erotica etc. It is associated with Samaveda. Arthasastra deals with public administration, governance, economy and polity. It is associated wit

15. #15UPPCS 1993
    In the Rigvedic period, people believed mainly in
    • AIdol worship
    • BOne God belief
    • CGoddess worship
    • Dand rituals
    Answer: (D) and rituals
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Early Vedic people followed a simple mode of the forces of nature such as the "Sun, the Wind, the Dawn, the Water, the Rain God Earth". Their religion primarily consisted of some obligations and prayers. The Vedic people chanted praise their Gods. They also performed certain known as yajnas to please their Gods

16. #16UPPCS 1993
    In the ancient period chief-livelihood source of the Aryans was
    • AAgriculture
    • BHunting
    • CArtcraft
    • DBusiness
    Answer: (A) Agriculture
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Aryans pursued pastoralism and agriculture as source of their livelihood. They cleared new land where they produced wheat, barley, and also produced other products like cotton and oil facilities were developed with wells and canals

17. #17State PCS 1990
    The important reason to keep Indus--Valley civilization before Aryan civilization is
    • AScript
    • BTown Planning
    • CCopper
    • DPotteries
    Answer: (D) Potteries
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct of the key reasons why archaeologists believe that Valley should be placed before Civilization is the evidence of pottery. The found in the IVC is dated to around BCE, earliest pottery found in association with the Aryans to around 1500 BCE. This suggests that the IVC well established by the time the Aryans arrive d in subcontinent

18. #18State PCS 2015
    The priest associated with King Videgha Madhava referred in Shatapatha Brahmana was
    • ARishi Bharadwaj
    • BRishi Vashishta
    • CRishi Vishwamitra
    • DRishi Gautama Rahugana
    Answer: (D) Rishi Gautama Rahugana
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Shatapatha Brahmana of the Yajur Veda describes ancient king Videha Madhava founded the kingdom The Rishi Gautama Rahugana was his family Madhava started a journey from Saraswati and of God Agni reached till Sada Nira (river Gandak). Important Tips Rishi Bharadwaja is one of the greatest Hindu sages, I descendant of rishi Angirasa, whose accomplishments are detailed in the Puranas. He is one of the Saptarshis in the present Manvantara; with others being Atri, Vashishtha, Vishvamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Kashyapa. Rishi Vasishtha was a famous sage of the Vedic period. Vashishta is a Saptarishi. His wife is Arundhati. He is the guru of Rama in the Yoga-vasistha. Rishi Vasishtha was also the royal guru of King Dasharatha. Rishi Vishvamitra was not a Brahmana by birth but a valiant warrior. He was a Kshatriya King named Kaushika, as he was a descendant of the Sage Kus

19. #19State PCS 2004
    There is a similarity in Avesta and the Rig Veda, from which region the Avesta is related to
    • AIndia
    • BIran
    • CIsrael
    • DEgypt
    Answer: (B) Iran
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct answer The Avesta is the scripture of Zoroastrianism which developed from an oral tradition founded by the prophet Zoroaster between c. 1500-1000 BCE The Avestan people belong to region of Iran. Important Tips There are linguistic similarities between Rig Veda and Avesta. The term Aryas was also used by the ancient Persians. The Bogaz Koi (in North-East Syria) Inscription dating back to 1380 BCE records a treaty between a Hittite and a Mitanni King. It mentions the names of a few Rig Vedic gods such as Indara, Uruvna (Varuna), Mitira and Nasatiya (Ashvins). The languages of the two scriptures, the Zoroastrian Avesta and Hindu Rig Veda, are similar but not identical, indicating that at the time of their composition, the people of the Avesta and the Rig Veda were related

20. #20State PCS 1998
    Meaning of the term in classical Sanskrit is
    • ABeliever of the God
    • BA hereditary cast
    • CA believer in particular religion
    • DA Noble man
    Answer: (D) A Noble man
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct answet' Arya is a Sanskrit word meaning "a noble one" or "one noble deeds". Thus, Arya means a Noble Important Tips Aryans: Aryans migrated to India in several waves throu-gh the passes in the northwestern mountains. Their earliest life seems to have been mainly pastoral, agriculture being a secondary occupation They led a nomadic life and were mainly in search of pastures. The history of Aryans is known from the Rig Veda. There is description of Aryans in Kassite inscriptions of about 1600 BCE from Iraq and in Mitanni inscriptions of the 14th century BCE from Syria. They initially se_ttled in the valleys of the north-west and the plains of the Punjab. Later, they moved into the Indo-Gangetic plains. By 6th century BCE, they occupied the whole of North India, which was referred to as Aryavarta -: '_

21. #21State PCS 1995
    The ninth mandala of the Rig Ved.. is devoted wholly to
    • AIndra and his elephant
    • BUrvashi and the Heaven
    • CGods related to plants and drugs
    • D'Soma', the god who is named after the drink
    Answer: (D) 'Soma', the god who is named after the drink
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct ninth Mandala of Rigveda is devoted to Soma, is called soma Mandala. All hymns of the Mandala to Soma Pavamana, 'self purifying Soma' 1 - Important Tips The tenth Mandal of Rigveda related to Purusha Sukta from where Varna system was mentioned. Gayatri Mantra explains in the 3rd Mandal of the Rigveda. The Ninth Mandala is the only major grouping in the Rigveda devoted to a single ritual procedure

22. #22State PCS 1994
    Inwhkhphase, theconceptofontouchability was put dearly?
    • ARigvedic phase
    • BLater Vedic phase
    • CLater Gupta phase
    • DDharmashastra phase
    Answer: (D) Dharmashastra phase
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct answer The Rigvedic (1500-1000) and later period neither mention the concept of untouchable people nor any practice of untouchability. The concept of Untouchability was clearly put in the Dharmashastra phase or Post Vedic BC-200 B.C)

23. #23CGPSC 2016
    The Statement "Tamsoma Jyotirgamaya'' was originally mentioned in
    • AUpanishadas
    • BMahakavyas
    • CPuranas
    • DShaddarshanas (e) None of these
    Answer: (A) Upanishadas
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Jyotirgamaya is a Sanskrit verse taken from Mantra" from the great Brihadaranyaka mantra Tamsoma Jyotirgamaya got its existence as or a prayer that was recited as the introductory the Soma Sacrifice. In Sanskrit, "ta mas" means "jyotir" means "light", which makes the literal this phrase as, "From darkness, lead me to light." Tips The Pavar.w. Mant also known as Pavamana Abhyaroha is a mantra that originated in nncient hidia from the key scripture of various schools of Brihadannynka The Brihad.arnnyak.a Upanishads are the and the principal Upanislrnds of Hinduism. This Uptrnishacl is the basic structure for most of the schools for Hinduism.. is basically ex-positkm to Oi' inner self spirit or soul. The Upanislrnd includes various passages ol'l ethics, rnetaphysics, philosophy, psychology, and the history of medieval scholars. P

24. #24State PCS 2010
    Which one of the following is oldest Veda?
    • AYajurveda
    • BRig Veda
    • CSamaveda
    • DAtharvaveda
    Answer: (B) Rig Veda
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct answer Rig Veda (1500-1000 B.C) is the earliest of the four Vedas. The Rig Veda is a set of ancient Indian texts comprising 1028 Sanskrit Hymns from the Vedic period and 10,600 verses devoted to the Rigvedic deities. It is arranged in 10 volumes known as mandalas. The "Rig Veda" outlines one of the oldest types of yoga and provides knowledge about yoga and other spiritual disciplines. The hymns were sung in praise of Agni, Indra, Mitra, Varuna and other Gods. It contains the famous Purushasukta that explains that the four varnas

25. #25UPSC CSE Prelims 2020
    With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs: 1. Bhilsa Madhya Pradesh 2. Dwarasamudra Maharashtra 3. Girinagar Gujarat 4. Sthanesvara Uttar PradeshWhich of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B1 and 4 only
    • C2 and 3 only
    • D2 and 4 only
    Answer: (A) 1 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct. is located in 2 is incorrect. Dwarasamudra is situated in was one of the capitals of the 3 is correct. Girinagar is located in 4 is incorrect. Sthanesvara is located in Haryana

26. #26UPPCS 2005
    Which one of the following statements is not true for Shankaracharya, Saint of the 8th century?
    • AHe established four religious centres in different parts of India
    • BHe countered the spread of Buddhism and Jainism
    • CHe named Prayag as Teerthraj
    • DHe propagated Vedanta
    Answer: (C) He named Prayag as Teerthraj
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct answer. In the mid-eighth century, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, overthrew his Chalukya overlord and a ritual called hiranya-garbha (literally, the golden womb). The Hiranya-Garbha ritual was a Vedic ritual that was performed by kings to legitimize their rule. The ritual involved the king being placed in a golden womb and then being reborn as a Kshatriya, the warrior caste. This ritual was believed to give the king the power and authority to rule

27. #27CGPSC 2013
    Who among the following rulers is stated as protector of 'Varna syste flm
    • APushyamitra Sunga
    • BKharvela
    • CGautamiputra Satkarni
    • DVasudev (e) Samudragupta
    Answer: (A) Pushyamitra Sunga
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct ruler stated as the protector of the 'Varna system' Sunga. Pushyamitra Sunga was the the Sunga dynasty and ruled from around 185 BCE BCE. He was a staunch supporter of the faith and revived many ancient Vedic the horse sacrifice. He is also credited the position of the Brahmins in society the Varna system. Important Tips Pushyamitra Sunga - c. 149 BCE) Pushyamitra Sunga served as the Brahmin army chief under King Brihadratha, the final ruler of the Mauryan dynasty. In a military parade, he assassinated Brihadratha and took control of the throne in 185 or 186 BC. Some historians view this as an internal upnsmg against the last Mauryan monarch, while others see it as a response to the Mauryan support of Buddhism. Pataliputra served as the capital during Pushyamitra Sunga's reign. He effectively countered invasions from Greek rulers Menander and Demetrius. Pushyamitr

28. #28Previous year
    Which one of the following is not included in 'Prasthan trayi'? [. (Pre) 1997)
    • ABhagavata
    • BBhagavad Gita
    • CBrahma Sutra
    • DUpanishad
    Answer: (A) Bhagavata
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Gita, the Brahma Sutra, the Mukhya Upanishads b are known collectively as the Prasthan trayi. These three provide a foundation for major influential of Hinduism. They are authoritative and that teach the means to strive for salvation. is not the part of Prasthan trayi

29. #29Previous year
    The theory of Karma is related with: [. (Pre) 1997)
    • ANyaya
    • BMimansa
    • CVedanta
    • DVaisheshika
    Answer: (B) Mimansa
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct is a school of Indian philosophy that is the theory of karma. Karma is the principle of effect, which states that one's actions have one's future Mimansa interprets the Vedas as the knowledge and authority, and prescribes the rules for performing rituals and sacrifices. that by fulfillihg one's duties and to the Vedas, one can attain happiness Mimansa also explains how karma works to the Vedic injunctions, and how one can effects of karma by following the Vedic commands. Important Tips Vedanta: Vedanta is based on the Upanishads, which are the philosophical portions of the Vedas. Vedanta teaches that the ultimate reality is Brahman, which is identical to the self (atman). Vedanta aims to achieve liberation (moksha) by realizing one's true nature as Brahman, and overco ming ignorance (avidya) and illusion (maya)

30. #30Practice set
    vith rcefere.nce to 'Economy during Eady Vedic period), consider the following statements: 1. There was no t of private property based on land-ownership. 2. extensi,rel)' developed with the circulation of silver made punch-marked coins. of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • D1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct early Vedic Aryans were mainly pastoralists. was their main 1 is correct: In Early Vedic society, people and cattle were the main index of wealth. was not prevalent at that time. There was of private property based on 2 is incorrect: Even though Early Vedic based on pastoralism, people in Early Vedic society in many economic activities like hunting, weaving, chariot-making, metal smeltery. of these activities were exchanged through to underdevelopment of coinage or currency were the most favored medium of exchange. j

31. #31Practice set
    Consider the folkrvd.ng cmnpad.sions between Vedk and. 1. The Harnppa Civilization was an urban culture, the Vedic Civilization was the rural based culture. 2. Unlike I-farappan civilization the people of the Vedic civilization were completely ignorant of the use of the iron. 3. In the Indus civilization, trade as well as industries were the main sources of economy, whereas Vedic Economy was mainly based on agriculture. How nrnny of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone '
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct I is correct: The Harappa Civilization the town/urban culture with trade as the while the Vedic civilization was the with agriculttue as the main occupation There complete absence of towns in the Rig Veda 2 is incorrect: The people of the Indus were completely ignorant of the use of The people of the Vedic age knew the use of They used gold and copper in the beginning but also used silver, copper, iron and bronze. The was the main bronze culture in the use 3 is correct: In the Indus civilization and external, crafts as well as industries were sources of economy, Vedic Economy was based

32. #32Practice set
    In the context of Vedic age, the term 'Pani' xefers to
    • AAgricultural herdsmen
    • BClass of merchants
    • CHead of the Village Unit
    • DTax Collector Agent
    Answer: (B) Class of merchants
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct is basically a community of tradesmen or class often travelling to distant lands for referred to in Vedic literature. Merchants in the prayed and offered oblations to seek divine grace in trade. Important Panis, who were the enemies of the Vedic people, in the Rigveda to have hidden their wealth, in the mountains and forests. The term Pani came associated with merchants and wealth in the Mostly these traders and merchants were the Asuras or Dasyus and for trade moved in all directions including foreign countries. The international trade was confined to a certain section of Dasyu society called the Panis

33. #33Practice set
    With reference to 'Rig Vedic Society', consider the following statements: 1. In Rig Vedic society, oral instruction was one of the methods of teaching. 2. There are no references to beggars and wage-earners in the Rigveda. 3. There are evidences of widow remarriage in the Rig-Veda.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Vedic society was a tribal society, in which based on kingship ties were predominant. In even the rajas (kings), the Purohit (priests) etc. were parts of the clan I is correct: The methods of teaching during Rig Vedic period were mainly and other method was based on Chintan reflection) In the oral method the students were the mantras (Vedic Hymns) and Richayas Rigveda) in order that they might remain preserved original 2 is correct: Various occupational groups those of weavers, smiths, carpenters, leather priests etc. are mentioned in Rig Veda. occupied special social status. There references to beggars, wage-earners or wages in 3 is correct: Despite of the patriarchal the family, the position of women was much better in Vedic period than in later times. There are also widow remarriage in the Rig-Veda. Some like Visvavara and Apala offered sacrifices on

34. #34Practice set
    With reference to 'Slaves in Rig Vedic period', consider the following statements:l. Both men and women captured in war were treated as slaves. 2. Most of the slaves were engaged in agricultural production activities. 3. Women slaves were given as gifts to priests for domestic purposes.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct was a common occurrence during the Vedic age were treated as property, where they did not power, autonomy or honour and were relegated to demeaning 1 is correct: The term Dasa came to mean Slaves were women and men who were often war. They were treated as the property of their could make them do whatever work they 2 is incorrect: In Vedic period, Dasa and used to address slaves, but it has been made clear didn't engage in agricultural and were solely occupied with working in Female slaves were often used for sexual well, while they were given as gifts Statement 3 is correct: The dasas and the dasyus the Aryans, were treated as slaves. Slaves and slaves meant for domestic purposes, were given to priests and Rajans

35. #35Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the characteristic features of Early Vedic Period: 1. Temples were used for religious worship. 2. Matriarchal nature of social setup was prevalent 3. The norm of Monogamy was generally practiced. 4. Society was economically stratified. 5. Women had a right to choose their partners.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly two
    • BOnly three
    • COnly four
    • DAll five
    Answer: (B) Only three
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct Early Vedic period is said to have begun around millennium BCE. Following the fall of the Civilization about 1900 BCE, tribes of moved into north-western India and began to the northern Indus 1 is incorrect: In the Early Vedic period, no temple. There were no any evidences of the temples in the Vedic 2 is incorrect: Rig Vedic Society was birth of a son was the common desire of the people. given to the male members is reflected in where the desire for a son is a constant prayer. society was patriarchal, women had also in 3 is _correct: In Ea_rly Vedic period, a reputable position as they were allowed to and Sabhas. Many of the women present there (Lopamudra, Ghosa, Apala, and Viswavara). There practice of child marriage. Monogamy was a norm, was found among noble families and 4 is correct: The society was and we do find references to rich people cattle, etc. and mak

36. #36Practice set
    With reference to the comparison between the Early Vedic Period and the Later Vedic Period, consider the following statements: 1. In the Early Vedic period, cattle rearing was the main occupation, whereas agriculture became the main occupation in Later Vedic period. 2. Unlike Early Vedic Period, the voluntary tribute was the only source of income for the King in Later Vedic period.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Vedic Age was between 1500 BC and 600 BC. This is major civilization. that occurred in ancient India decline of the Indus Valley Civilization by 1400 BC. age itself is divided into the Early Vedic Period ( 1500 BCE) and Later Vedic Period (1000 - 600 l is correct: In the early Vedic period, i.e., cattle rearing was the main occup type of agriculture was prevalent. Whereas, Later Vedic age, Agriculture had become the for the 2 is incorrect: In t he early Vedic age, there system. Only vohmtary tribute was source of income for the head of community i.e., in the Later Vedic age, collection of taxes and made mandatory as the source of income for the community. Tributes were paid by Vaishyas. Important Tips In early Vedic age: the measure of wealth was cattle and wealthy man was called Gomat In later Vedic age: the taxes were collected by Sangrihitri

37. #37Practice set
    With reference to the Vedic Age in general, the term 'Yava', 'Godhuma' and 'Vrihi' refers to
    • ATribal leaders of villages of Early Vedic age
    • BDifferent types of religious customs
    • CVarious cereals mentioned in Vedic text
    • DNatural gods worshipped in Vedic age
    Answer: (C) Various cereals mentioned in Vedic text
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct (Barley ), godhuma (wheat), Ikshu (sugarcane) (rice) are the terms used for different cereals in texts. There are also several references to such as sowing, ploughing, reaping, and different Vedic texts

38. #38Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the Early Vedic Period: 1. The practice of polygamy was present during the Early Vedic period. 2. The practice of widow remarriage was present during the Early Vedic period. 3. Child marriage was widely practiced during the Early Vedic period.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct: Monogamy was generally the Early Vedic period while polygamy was the royal a.nd noble families. Women were as men for their spiritual and 2 is coxrect: We also notice the practise of in the Rig-Veda/Eady Vedic Period. The sati was unknown The wife occupied an honoured participated with her husband in religious 3 is incorrect: Though we notice the levirate and widow remarriage in the Rig-Veda yet no reference about pardah and child. marriage. age in the period seemed to have been

39. #39Practice set
    Consider the following the tribal assemblies during Rig Vedk period: 1. Vidhata' were the earliest assemblies dealing with social, religious and military functions. 2. Women were not part of the 'Samiti' in the Rig Vedic period. 3. The king was elected by the tribal assembly called the 'Sabha'.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone Practice
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct the Rig Vedic period, tribal elements in stronger and social divisions based on the taxes or accumulation of landed property were tribal or kin-based assemblies such as the and Gana are mentioned in the Rig 1 is correct: Vidatha mentioned in the Rig the earliest and most important assembly. It was meant for social, religious and military vidatha included women and elders as vidatha: collectively worshiped deities such as Agni 2 is incorrect: Samiti was a folk assembly in of the tribe gathered for transacting tribal discussed philosophical issues and was concerned ceremonies and prayers. Women were allowed the samiti during the Rig Vedic 3 is incorrect: The term Sabha denotes assembly and the assembly hall. Women who assembly were called Sabhavati. As per Rig-Veda, pastoral affairs and performed judicial functions. They did not elect Rajan. He by the tribal assembl

40. #40Practice set
    Consider the following pairs of Vedic name and present name of rivers: 1. Vitasta Ravi 2. Purushni Jhelum 3. Sutudri Satluj 4. Drishdvati GhaggarHow many of tli.e pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect: In Rigveda River Jhelum (and was called Vitasta ( derived from the Sanskrit The present name Jhelum River has been the city of Jhelum. The name was brought to European travelers and found its way in official 2 is incorrect: The Ravi River was known as the Vedic period. The river Ravi is a transboundary connects northwest India and East Pakistan. This is the six rivers of the Indus Pair 3 is correct: Sutudri literally means that which fast. Sutudri is a river of the Vedic times It is river flowing in Punjab. During the name got changed to Satadru. It ha s with the modern Sutlcj 4 is correct: The River Ghaggar was known by Drishadvati in the Vedic period. It was the of river Saraswati. According to Manusmriti composed the Vedas and other Sanskrit texts at of the Saraswati and Drishadvati rivers. Important Tips The Vedic land is described as a land of

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