UPSC Prelims PYQ › Geography › Rivers, Lakes & Drainage

Rivers, Lakes & Drainage — UPSC Prelims Geography previous year questions — page 3

116 solved previous year questions on Rivers, Lakes & Drainage, papers from 1991 to 2023, drawn from UPSC CDS, State PCS, UPSC CSE Prelims. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #81Practice set
   Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Indo-Brahm River theory of the evolution of the Himalayan rivers? 1. The Inda-Brahm River flowed from Assam to Punjab. 2. As per this theory, initially Yamuna was a tributary of the Indus River. 3. According to this theory, upheavals in the western Himalayas led to dismemberment of the Indo- Brahm River into three subsystems.Select the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1 and 2 only
   • B1, 3 only
   • C2 and 3 only
   • D1, 2 and 3
   Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct 1 is correct: As per Indo-Brahm River evolution of the Himalayan rivers a mighty river from Assam to Punjab and even beyond up to In the Eocene Epoch the river flowed along the the Himalayas first westward and then north-westward as north-western Punjab where it turned southward less along the course of the modern Indus and into the Arabian Sea. The river came into being due movements which took place in the Tertiary is believed to be the successor of the Himalayan 2 is correct: As per Indo-Brahm River evolution of the Himalayan rivers it is supposed Yamuna was first a tributary of the Indus. During Pleistocene and early Holocene ages, it joined with somewhere near Suratgarh and continued to Ghaggar and finally joined the Indus. Later, it course due to tectonic disturbance along the and became the tributary of 3 is correct: As per Indo-Brahm River evolution of the

2. #82Practice set
   Arrange the following eastward flowing rivers of India from North to South. 1. Brahmani 2. Subarnarekha 3. Penner 4. Baitarani 5. VaigaiSelect the correct answer using the code given below
   • A2-4-1-3-5
   • B2--1-4-5-3
   • C2-1-4-3-5
   • D1-2-4-3-5 Practicebo
   Answer: (A) 2-4-1-3-5
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct important eastward flowing rivers of India to South are as 2: The Subarnarekha originates from the in Jharkhand forming the boundary between and Odisha in its lower 4: The Baitarani is one of six major rivers of in popular epics and legends, the Baitarani a source of water for agricultural irrigation. A of the river basin lies within the state of a small patch of the upper reach lies in 1: The Brahmani is a major seasonal river in state of eastern India. The Brahmani is the confluence of the Sankh and South Koe! rivers Bihar state, the Brahmani flows for 480 km. generally south-southeast and then turns east to join branches of the Mahanadi River, which into the Bay of 3: The Pennar (also known as Penna, Penner, Penneru, Pennai) is one of the major the peninsula. The Pennar rises in the Chennakesava the Nandidurga range, in Chikkaballapura district and flows toward

3. #83Practice set
   Which of the following water bodies/ drainage systems has a Centripetal Drainage pattern in India?
   • AAll Streams from Vindhyan range
   • BLoktak Lake Manipur
   • CRivers or iginating from Amarkantak hills
   • DRivers of Indo-Gangetic plains
   Answer: (B) Loktak Lake Manipur
   Explanation

   Option bis the correct Centripetal Drainage Pattern, the streams converge sides in the low-lying basins, wherein, stream a central depression. H is similar to the system, with the only exception that flows out whereas the centripetal drainage The Loktak lake in Manipur is a classic example of of drainage pattern. The streams of Ladakh, the Baghmati and its tributaries in Nepal also follow of Important Tips Drainage Pattern: Streams from Vindhyan range follow a rectangular drainage pattern which is prevalent in the faulted area. It grows in a tightly packed rocky ground. The streams choose the path of least resistance and hence congregate in areas with the weakest exposed rock. Streams originating from the Amarkantak hills such as Narmada, Son and Mahanadi follow Radial drainage pattern. In this, the tributaries from a summit follow the slope downwards and drain down in all directions. Ri

4. #84Practice set
   Consider the following statements regarding the differences between peninsular and Himalayan drainage system: 1. Unlike Peninsular rivers, the Himalayan rivers are mostly perennial with relatively large catchment areas. 2. Compared to Peninsular rivers, the Himalayan rivers generally form larger deltas and have higher erosional activity.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • A1 only
   • B2 only
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2
   Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct l is correct: The Himalayan rivers have and catchment areas. These rivers are perennial meaning water flows throughout the year in These rivers receive water both from the snowmelt. The perennial nature of these rivers useful for irrigation. These rivers have relatively and catchment areas. The Peninsular rivers only from rainfall and water flows in these the rainy season. Therefore, these rivers are seasonal 2 is correct: The Himalayan rivers form big their mouths. The Ganga, Brahmaputra delta is one of in the world. These rivers also bring large to high erosional activity in the basin. Some of rivers, such as the Narmada and the Tapi other rivers such as the Mahanadi, the Krishna and the Cauvery form deltas but several originating from the Western Ghats and the west enter Arabian Sea without forming Peninsular rivers flow mostly in graded valleys little erosiona

5. #85Practice set
   Most of the rivers originating from the Himalayas in Northern India flows towards east and nearly of the drainage is oriented towards the Bay of Which of the following is the most appropriate reason for this drainage system?
   • AThe Indian plateau slopes towards eastern side due to upliftment of Delhi ridge
   • BThe perennial nature of river forces them to take longer course
   • CThe rivers have many tributaries creating eastward pressure
   • DCoriolis force is high around Tropic of Cancer forcing most rivers to deflect rightward
   Answer: (A) The Indian plateau slopes towards eastern side due to upliftment of Delhi ridge
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct Himalayan drainage system has evolved through a history. It mainly includes the Ganga, the the Brahmaputra River basins which drains into Bay The reason for the same is as is opined that in due course of time Indo- Brahma dismembered into three main drainage systems. was probably due to the in the western Himalayas, including the uplift Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge), which acted as the between the Indus and Ganga drainage the downthrusting of the Maida gap area Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau during the mid pleistocene period, diverted the Ganga and the to flow towards the Bay of Bengal

6. #86Practice set
   In the context of drainage system of river Sutlej, which of the following statement is correct?
   • AIt or iginates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu in the Tibetan region
   • BIt flows through the Kullu valley
   • CIt is an antecedent river feeding the canal system of the Bhakra Nangal project
   • DThe river still in its youth stage and yet it forms meanders
   Answer: (C) It is an antecedent river feeding the canal system of the Bhakra Nangal project
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct is an antecedent river (continued flowing in despite the upliftment of area as Himalayas). It is important tributary as it feeds the canal system of Nangal project. Indus River System Important Tips Indus river also known as the Sindhu, is the westernmost of the Himalayan rivers in India. It originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu in the Tibetan region in the Kailash Mountain range. The Sutlej originates in the 'Raksas Ta!' near Manasarovar in Tibet where it is known as Langchen Khambab. Beas river flows through the Kulln valley and forms gorges at Kati and Largi in the Dhaoladhar range. Sutlej river flows almost parallel to the Indus for about 400 km before entering India and comes out of a gorge at Rupar. It passes through the Shipki La on the Himalayan ranges and enters the Punjab plains. Jhelum river in the valley of Kashmir is still in its youth stage and y

7. #87Practice set
   With reference to river Tapi, consider the following statements: 1. It originates from Amarkantak plateau. 2. Puma and Panjhra are important tributaries of river Tapi. 3. It flows through a rift valley. 4. It flows exclusively in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.How many of the above statements are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • COnly three
   • DAll four
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct l is incorrect. River Tapi originates near forest in Betul district of Madhya 2 is correct. The important tributaries of are the Suki, the Gomai, the Arunavati and the joins it from right, and those joining from left are the Amravati, the Buray, the Panjhra, the Bori, the Purna, the Mona and the 3 is correct. River Tapi flows through rift also flows from west to east. (River Narmada and Tapi throµgh the rift 4 is incorrect. For the first 282 Km, the in Madhya Pradesh, out of which 54 Km forms boundary with Maharashtra State. It flows for in Maharashtra draining Khandesh and east in the northwest corner of the Deccan Plateau Gujarat

8. #88Practice set
   With Reference to the river Yamuna, which of the following statements are correct? 1. The river has its source in the Satopanth Glacier. 2. River Sind, Chambal, Betwa and Ken join on its left bank. 3. Hathni Kund Barrage is located on River Yamuna.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
   • A1 and 2 only
   • B1 and 3 only
   • C3 only
   • D1, 2 and 3
   Answer: (C) 3 only
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct l is incorrect. River Yamuna has its source in glacier on the western slopes of (6,316 km) in the Garhwal region in Alaknanda has its source in the Satopanth 2 is incorrect. River Yamuna is joined by the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken on its right which originates from the Peninsular plateau; Hindan, the Rind, the Sengar, the Varuna, etc. join it left 3 is correct. The Hathni Kund is a located on the Yamuna River in Yamuna of Haryana, India. The barrage is infamous in the parts of Delhi in case of excess rainfall reaches of the river

9. #89Practice set
   Consider the following pairs:National Park Rivers Flowing I1 1. Panna Ken 2. Manas Barak Mahanadi agar hole KabiniHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • COnly three
   • DAll four
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct Conservation reserves including Nationals very much important for 1 is correct - Ken River passes through the Park. Recently due to Ken-Betwa River link core tiger area of Panna is coming under 2 is incorrect - The river Manas flows into the Park from the gorges of Bhutan and split into streams of which the main water course comes the National Park about 30 km downstream is known 3 is incorrect - The rivers Budhabalang, Baitarani flow through Simlipal National Park. Reserve is also designated under World Biosphere under UNESCO's Man Biosphere (MAB) Mahanadi passes through Satkosia Tiger 4 is correct - Nagarhole National Park is the rivers Kabini, Lakshmana Teertha and The Kabini River is one of the major tributaries of Cauvery in southern India

10. #90Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. In an antecedent drainage pattern, the river cuts through uplifted portions of land. 2. In a superimposed drainage pattern, the river flows in relation to the topology of the area. 3. In a concordant drainage pattern, the river cuts through the exposed rock strata and maintains its initial path.How many of the above statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct: Antecedent - Even when a part river slope gets uplifted, the river sticks to its by cutting through the uplifted land. The river capacity for vertical erosion. Himalayan rivers as The Indus, The Ganga, The Brahmaputra are examples 2 is incorrect: Superimposed drainage of the topology and geology of an The river originally flows on a soft rock over time it exposes an underlying region of hard river sticks to its original path by cutting through landform. Examples include The Damodar, The Chambal 3 is incorrect: Concordant - The river accordance with the topography and geology of region. The path of the river is highly the slope, the arrangement of rocks, the hardness/ rocks etc. Peninsular rivers are examples of pattern

11. #91Practice set
    Consider the following pairs:River Tributary 1. Ganga Son 2. Yamuna Chambal 3. Godavari Bhima 4. Krishna PennarHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correctly matched: Son is a right bank tributary It rises near Amarkantak Hill (MP) and merges near Patna, Bihar. It flows along the Kaimur Hills India. It passes through states of MP, UP, 2 is correctly matched: Chambal is a major tdbulary of Yamuna river. It rises the highlands Hills in the Vindhyan range. It joins the Yamuna district of 3 is incorrectly river is a major tributary of Krishna river. It flows through the Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Telangana before Krishna. It flows through the Bhimashankar in 4 is incorrectly matched: Pennar is east-flowing south India. It rises in the Nandi hills in of Karnataka and runs across the states of AP to empty into the Bay of Bengal

12. #92Practice set
    The drainage basin of Godavari River is distributed across which of the following states? 1. Madhya Pradesh 2. Orissa 3. Chhattisgarh 4. KarnatakaSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 4 only
    • B2, 3 and 4 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct river rises in Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik Maharashtra and makes a huge along the Bay coast in Andhra Pradesh. The main channel the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, and However, Godavari receives waters from whose basins extend over the states of (Pench, Wainganga), Chhattisgarh (Indravati, Sabari) and Karnataka (Manjira)

13. #93Practice set
    Consider the following pairs: 1. National 'Brahmaputra River' I Waterway 2 2. National 'West Canal'_! Waterway 3 3. National 'Barak River' WaterwayHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct: National Waterway 2 is Brahmaputra river from Sadiya to Dhubri, 2 is correct: The West Coast Canal from Kottapuram was declared as National Waterway 1993. This canal has a navigable length of 205 km. of natural lakes, back-waters, river sections canal 3 is incorrect: Kakinada-Puducherry along the Godavari River stretch and Krishna is termed as NW-4 with a total length of 1095 Waterways 6 is a waterway between Lakhipur of the Barak River

14. #94Practice set
    Which of the flow towards the Arabian Sea? 1. Shetruniji 2. Sharavati 3. Pamba 4. BrahmaniSelect the correct answer from the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B1, 2 and 3 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct rivers flowing towards the Arabian sea have 1 is correct: The Shetruniji rises near Dalkahwa district of Gujarat. It is a westward-flowing river in the Arabian Sea. It is the second largest river in of 2 is correct: The Sharavati is an important river flowing towards the west. The Sharavati Shimoga district of Karnataka and falls in the Arabian 3 is correct: Pamba river flows through Kerala. It the Vemobanad lake after traversing a course of 177 4 is incorrect: There are a large number of towards the east along with their tributaries. small rivers which join the Bay of Bengal. Some flowing rivers are Subarnarekha, the Baitarani, the Vamsadhara, the Penner, the Palar and Important Tips The Brahmani is the second widest river in Odisha after Mahanadi. The Brahmani is formed by the confluence of the Sankh and South Koe! rivers. It forms a large delta, together with th

15. #95Practice set
    rises from a spring at Verinag situated at the foot of the Panjal range. It is believed to be named as Bidaspes as mentioned by the Egyptian geographer Ptolemy. The river is still in its youth stage and yet forms meanders which is a typical feature associated with the mature stage in the evolution of fluvial land form". Which one of the following river is described in the above given paragraph?
    • AJhelum
    • BRavi
    • CIndus
    • DChenab
    Answer: (A) Jhelum
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct The Jhelum originates at Verinag, in western Jammu union territory, from a deep spring. The flows from the Indian union territory of Jammu into Pakistani Punjab. It is has a total length 725 kilometres. The Jhelum River is believed to be mentioned by Arrian (the historian for Great) and the Bidaspes mentioned by the rivers normally form meanders during their mature they erode the soil and sediments during their flow and create deposits that lead to their Jhelum River flowing through the Kashmir meanders in its youth stage due to the presence silt, rocks and more that originated from years back due to the tectonic upliftment of the other endogenic forces

16. #96Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. Barak River flows in all the Northeastern states except Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram. 2. The Molassis basin in Mizoram is made up of soft unconsolidated deposits of terrestrial or marine origin.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (B) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct I is incorrect: The Barak River flows through the states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam in India and its subbasin covers Burma, India But its sub-basin lies in the except Arunachal it enters Bangladesh where it is known by the the Surma and the Kushiyara and later called the receiving the combined flow of the Ganga and It flows into the Bay of Bengal via 2 is correct: The 'Molassis basin' in Mizoram up of soft unconsolidated deposits of terrestrial origin. Mizoram has a huge number of the formation of most of the mountains is formation of valley type depression which runs mountains. These depressions get accumulated deposits known as molasses basin. as "LAND OF "

17. #97Practice set
    With reference to the drainage pattern, consider the following statements: 1. Radial pattern is seen when a river discharges its waters from all directions in a lake. GE 2. Trellis pattern is seen when the secondary tributaries of a river join the primary tributaries at right angles. 3. Dendritic pattern is seen when the drainage pattern resembles the branches of a tree.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct Pattern is the pattern formed by the streams, lakes in a particular drainage basin. Drainage categorised based on their shape and texture. or pattern evolves as a result of the local terrain 1 is incorrect: When the rivers originate from and flow in all directions, the drainage pattern is radial pattern. The rivers originating from the present a good example of the rivers discharge their waters from all a lake or depression, the pattern is known as 2 is correct: Trellis pattern is seen when tributaries of rivers flow parallel to each other tributaries join them at right angles. For rivers of the Himalayan region's upper 3 is correct: The drainage pattern branches of a tree is known as dendritic. The in the plain region is examples

18. #98Practice set
    Which of the following rivers originate from mountains? 1. Chambal 2. Banas 3. Mahi 4. Luni 5. SabarmatiSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 4 only
    • B1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    • C2, 4 and 5 only
    • D1, 3, 4 and 5 only
    Answer: (C) 2, 4 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Hill Ranges is the oldest range of fold India. It spans through Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and is an ecologically sensitive zone. Several the Banas, Luni, Sakhi, and Sabarmati rise Aravali 2 is correct. Banas originates in the of the Aravalli Range, about 5 km from Rajsamand district. The river flows in a south - and empties into little Rann of Kachchh. It by Luni basin in the north, Sarasvati basin in Aravalli Hill ranges in the east and finally, in the west. The number of principal tributaries, significantly, is seven. Sipu is the only on the right bank. The other six tributaries Sukli, Sewaran, Suket, Balaram and Khari drain main channel from left 4 is correct. Luni is the largest river system west of Aravali. Luni originates from of the Aravalli ranges. It originates near Pushkar branches, i.e., the Saraswati and the Sabarmati, with each other at Govindgarh.

19. #99Practice set
    Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? Famous Places Bank of River 1. Cuttack Mahanadi 2. Ujjain Narmada 3. Hampi Krishna 4. 4. Madurai VaigaiSelect the correct answer usmg the code given below
    • A1 and 2
    • B2 and 4
    • C1 and 4
    • D2 and 3
    Answer: (C) 1 and 4
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct. The famous city of Cuttack in Odisha on the banks of Mahanadi River. It is famous filigree and many famous art 2 is incorrect. The historical city of Ujjain is located banks of Shipra and not Narmada River. It lies in the Madhya Pradesh. Shipra is a tributary of Chambal into Yamuna River. Ujjain is one of the four Allahabad and Nasik being the other Kumbh Mela is 3 is incorrect. Hampi, located in Karnataka, is the banks of Tungabhadra River. It was the capital of empire in the 14th Century. It is also a heritage site and said to be the second largest city after 4 is correct. The ancient city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu on the banks of Vaigai River. Vaigai drains into of Bengal before passing through the cities of Madurai. Madurai hosts the famous Meenakshi Temple

20. #100Practice set
    With reference to streams of water, consider the following statements: 1. A consequent stream is one that is developed over an extinct original stream. 2. A Insequent stream follows its initial path instead of the topology and the geology of the region. 3. A subsequent stream is never a tributary of any other river.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone l
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct systems, also known as river systems, are formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in drainage 1 is incorrect. The initial stream that a consequence of the slope is called the As the consequent stream wears down the deepening its channel downwards, it is joined by either obliquely or at right angles depending alignment and the degree of resistance of the Rivers of Peninsular India such as the Godavari, Cauvery are consequent rivers descending from ghats and flowing into the Bay of 2 is correct. A drainage pattern is insequent or discordant if it does not correlate topology (surface relief features) and geology of In simple words, in a insequent drainage pattern, follows its initial path irrespective of the changes 3 is incorrect. A subsequent stream after the original stream (Consequent River). a tributary stream that is eroded along an of non-resistant rock after

21. #101Practice set
    "It is one of the prominent Peninsular rivers. Its major tributaries include Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, Ib, Jonk and Ong. Konark and Cuttack are a few important towns located along its course;' Which river is being described in the paragraph above?
    • AVamsadhara
    • BGodavari
    • CNarmada
    • DMahanadi
    Answer: (D) Mahanadi
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct Hasdeo, Mand and Ib are River tributaries, while Ong and Jonk are its Konark, famous for its Sun Temple (a heritage site) is situated near river branches off from Kuakhai river, which in turn distributary of the Mahanadi River. Cuttack is rivers Mahanadi and Katha Jodi. River the river disputed between Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Important Tips Vamsadhara River is an east-flowing river which originates in Kalahandi district of Odisha, flows in Odisha, along its boundary with Andhra Pradesh and finally joins the Bay of Bengal at Kalingapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. River Godavari: Also known as Dakshin Ganga (south ganga). Also called Viriddha Ganga (Old Ganga). Originates from Nashik (Trimbakeshwar). It passes through states of Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Tributaries - Penganga, Wainganga, Wardha, Pranhita River (in Telangana), Manjra (Maharasht

22. #102Practice set
    In which one of the following states/union territories does the river Kalpong flow through?
    • AArunachal Pradesh
    • BMizoram
    • CAndaman and Nicobar Islands
    • DPuducherry ok Indian Climate
    Answer: (C) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct River is a river in the North Andaman Islands Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It originates from Peak. The Kalpong River traverses in the for a length of about 35 kilometers before it Aerial Bay Creek on the east coast near Diglipur

23. #103Practice set
    Through which one of the following groups of countries does the Equator pass?
    • ARrazil, Zambia and Malaysia
    • BColombia, Kenya and Indonesia
    • CBrazil, Sudan and Malaysia
    • DVenezuela, Ethiopia and Indonesia
    Answer: (C) Brazil, Sudan and Malaysia
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct the basis of the location and active coastal plains can be broadly divided into two: western coastal plains; (ii) the eastern coastal l is correct: The eastern coastal plain is is an example of an emergent coast. Because of emergent nature, it has a smaller number of ports 2 is correct: The rivers flowing through plain do not form any deltas as slope of rivers steep. They don't have to travel much distance to the sea. As a result, they don't carry much to form 3 is correct: The Malabar coast, which is a western coastal plains, has got certain in the form of 'Kayals' (backwaters), which are fishing and inland 4 is incorrect: Estuaries can be found along coastal plains. For example - The Vellar the eastern coast of southern India (Tamil Nadu) River estuary. Western coastal plains also Important Tips The western coastal plains are an example of submerged coastal plai

24. #104Full-length test
    Consider the following statements: 1. Among the members of Ramsar convention, India has the largest area under Ramsar protection. 2. Chilika lake in Odisha is the oldest Ramsar site in India. { } 3. Small Grants Fund is available to developing countries for implementation of Ramsar convention.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is incorrect: Recently the total number sites in India has reached to total of 75 sites. All cover a total area of 13,26,677 hectares in the has the largest area under Ramsar 2 is correct: The oldest Ramsar sites for Chilika Lake in Odisha and Keoladeo Ghana in Rajastan. They both were notified as Ramsar 3 is correct: If a site is notified as Ramsar will get access to financial assistance from the Small Grant Fund (SFG). The SGF as a mechanism to assist developing implementing the Convention and to enable and wise use of wetland resources

25. #105Full-length test
    Consider the following pairs: 1. Kabartal Wetland Maharashtra 2. Asan Conservation Uttarakhand Reserve 3. Sur Sarovar Lake GujaratHow many of the above given pairs correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct I is incorrectly Wetland is also known as Kanwar Jheel. It hectares of the Indo-Gangetic plains in the of Bihar. Kabartal Wetland has been designated 2 is correctly Conservation Reserve is located on the banks River near Dehradun district in Garhwal 3 is incorrectly Sarovar lake is also known as Keetham lake and alongside river Yamuna in Agra, Uttar lake is situated within the Sur Sarovar Bird was declared as a bird sanctuary in the year 1991

26. #106Full-length test
    Consider the following pairs regarding various post-Mauryan period inscriptions and the corresponding information:R.e.lated.Iriformation l. Junagarh Rock Mentions that Inscriptions of Sudarshana Lake was Rudradaman -I constructed by the emperor Ashoka. 2. Besnagar Pillar Mentions the Inscription from Greek Ambassador Vidisha Heliodorus as worshipper of Vasudeva Krishna. 3. Hathi-Gumpha The sacred 'Namokar (Elephant Cave) Mantra' of Jains has inscriptions of been inscribed. UdaygiriHow many pairs mentioned above are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct I is incorrect: Rudradaman's Junagarh rock also known as Rudradaman's Girnar rock inscription. that the Sudarshana Lake was constructed during the time of Chandragupta was the brother-in-law of and Governor of Kathiawar (Gimar- The inscription is written in Sanskrit 2 is correct: Besnagar Pillar inscription from Pradesh) was constructed by Heliodorus. ambassador of Inda-Greek King Antialcides. A feature of the inscription, as Singh says, is describes himself as a Bhagavata - that is, of the god Vasudeva Krishna and that he. set pillar in honour of this 3 is correct: Hathigumpha inscription in Udaygiri hills of Odisha records the achievements kings of Kalinga. Inscriptions including Namokar Mantra of the Jains are also found in

27. #107Full-length test
    With reference to river Tapi, consider the following statements: 1. It originates from Amarkantak plateau. 2. Purna and Panjhra are important tributaries of river Tapi. 3. It flows through a rift valley. 4. It flows exclusively in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    b is the correct 1 is incorrect. River Tapi originates near forest in Betul district of Madhya 2 is correct. The important tributaries of are the Suki, the Gomai, the Arunavati and the joins it from right, and those joining from left. are the Amravati, the Buray, the Panjhra, the Bori, the Purna, the Mona and the 3 is correct. River Tapi flows through rift also flows from west to east. (River Narmada and Tapi through the rift 4 is incorrect. For the first 282 Km, the in Madhya Pradesh, out of which 54 Km forms boundary with Maharashtra State. It flows for in Maharashtra draining Khandesh and east in the northwest corner of the Deccan Plateau Gujarat

28. #108Full-length test
    Which of the following protected areas are located on the banks of river Ganga? I. Corbett National Park 2. Sundarbans National Park 3. Dudhwa National Park 4. Gangotri National ParkSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 4 only
    • B1, 3 and 4 only
    • C1, 2 and 3 only
    • D2 and 4 only
    Answer: (D) 2 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct answer. Option 1 is incorrect: Corbett National Park is in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand, and it was established in 1936 during British rule in India. The Park is located on the banks of river Ramganga (tributary of Ganga), not river Ganga. This park was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative in 1973. Option 2 is correct: The Sundarbans National Park is in West Bengal, India. The park is situated on the bank of Ganges River delta near the mouth of the Bay of Bengal. The Sundarbans National Park is densely covered by mangrove forests and is one of the largest reserves for the Royal Bengal tiger. Option 3 is incorrect: The Dudhwa National Park is situated in the Indo-Nepal border in the Lakhimpur Kheri District in Uttar Pradesh. The Dudhwa NP is not located on the banks of river Ganga, the park is located near Ghagra river (which is a tributary

29. #109Full-length test
    Consider the following statements about River Yamuna: 1. The river has its source in the Satopanth Glacier. 2. It is the western most tributary of River Ganga. 3. River Sind, Chambal, Betwa and Ken join on its left bank. 4. Hathni Kund Barrage is located on River Yamuna.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct answer r Statement l is incorrect. River Yamuna has its source in the Yamunotri glacier on the western slopes of Banderpunch range (6,316 km) in the Garhwal region in Uttarakhand. The Alaknanda has its source in the Satopanth glacier above Badrinath. Statement 2 is correct. The Yamuna is the westernmost and the longest tributary of the Ganga. It joins the Ganga at Prayag (Allahabad). Statement 3 is incorrect. River Yamuna is joined by the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken on its right bank which originates from the Peninsular plateau; while the Hindan, the Rind, the Sengar, the Varuna, etc. join it on its left bank. Statement 4 is correct. The Hathni Kund is a concrete barrage located on the Yamuna River in Yamuna Nagar district of Haryana, India. The barrage is infamous for flooding in the parts of Delhi in case of excess rainfall in higher reaches of the

30. #110Full-length test
    Which of the following statements regarding 'rights' is correct?
    • AHuman Rights are those which are made available to individuals by the Constitution of the Country
    • BFundamental Rights are those which shall be available to an individual by virtue of birth
    • CIn India, all Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are part of Human Rights
    • DNone of the statements given above is correct
    Answer: (D) None of the statements given above is correct
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct the statements given above are a is incorrect. Human Rights are not guaranteed State or Constitution. Human rights are rights all human beings, regardless of race, sex, language, religion, or any other status. They virtue of birth as humans not because of any any b is incorrect. Fundamental rights are those are essential for intellectual, moral and spiritual of individuals. Fundamental Rights by the c is incorrect. Not all fundamental rights the Constitution are part of Human Rights. Few of rights like: Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32) Article 33 which restricts the fundamental rights of armed forces, paramilitary forces and police forces. Article 34 also provides for restriction on fundamental rights while martial law is in force in any area. Important Tips Types of rights Natural Rights: Natural rights, also known as unalienable rights, are the righ

31. #111Full-length test
    Which of the following statements best explains the concept of 'principled distance'?
    • ADuties and powers must be clearly divided among the legislative, executive and judicial organs of the government. 20
    • BThere is always an inherent gap between the fundamental rights and duties of the citizens
    • CThe State can intervene in religious matters to promote peace between different religious communities
    • DThere must always be a distinction between the rights provided to citizens and to foreigners
    Answer: (C) The State can intervene in religious matters to promote peace between different religious communities
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct per Article 51 of the Constitution of India. Promotion peace and security The State shall promote international peace and security; (Statement a is maintain just and honourable relations between nations; (Statement bis foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another; and encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration (Statement dis Statement c i.e., Use of UN peacekeeping force of international disputes is not mentioned 51 of the Constitution of India

32. #112Full-length test
    With reference to the speciation, consider the following statements: 1. It occurs when groups in a species become reproductively isolated and diverge. 2. Speciation can also occur in a polluted environment umllllWhich of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct quantity of biologically useful nutrients like etc. dissolved in the waters of a water the trophic (nutritional) state of the The most widely used trophic indices is the Here, the trophic state of a body of water is defined total weight of biomass contained within a is incorrect: Eutrophic Lakes have high biological productivity. An abundance of plants by such lakes due to the rich nutrient nitrogen and phosphorus. Initially, eutrophic multiplication and growth of lake fauna due to levels of oxygen provided by a large number of in the lake. However, when things cross limits or algal blooms overcrowd the lake, the lake due to the high levels of respiration by the matter. Eutrophication might occur naturally to human impact on the b is incorrect: Mesotrophic lakes with level of productivity are called These lakes have medium-level nutrients usually clear water with

33. #113Full-length test
    Which of the following islands are separated from each other by Duncan passage?
    • AAminidivi Islands and Minicoy
    • BMinicoy and Maldives
    • CAndaman and Nicobar
    • DRutl and and Little Andaman { }
    Answer: (B) Minicoy and Maldives
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct has a land frontier of 15,106.7 km. The total length coastline of India is 7,516.6 km. India shares its seven countries namely Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Maldives and I is incorrect: India does not have FTA largest trading partner China. India has FTA with Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Nepal as all South Asian Countries through SAAFTA (an FTA 2 is correct: With Bangladesh being the of India's Neighborhood First policy, Bangladesh largest trade partner in South Asia

34. #114Full-length test
    With reference to the Cauvery River, consider the following statements: 1. It rises at Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats. 2. It flows through the states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. 3. The Harangi, the Hemavati, and the Shimsha rivers are it's left bank tributaries.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is correct. Cauvery river rises at Talakaveri Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats in an elevation of abut 1341 m and flows for about 800 its outfall into the Bay of 2 is incorrect. The Cauvery basin states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and of Puducherry draining an area of 81,155 is nearly of the total geographical area of with a maximum length and width of about 560 245 3 is correct. The total length of the river to outfall is 800 km. important tributaries left are the Harangi, the Hemavati, the Shimsha Arkavati whereas the Lakshmantirtha, the Kabbani, the Bhavani, the Noyil and the Amaravati right

35. #115Full-length test
    Around Tl percent of the drainage area of India is oriented the Bay of Bengal. Which of the followittg is correct reason for such an orientation. t.owards Bay of Bengal?
    • AThe Indian plateau slopes towards side due to upliftment of Delhi ridge
    • BThe perennial nature of river forces them to take longer course
    • CThe rivers hav.e many tributaries creating eastward pressure
    • DCoriolis force is high Tropic of Cancer forcing most rivers to deflect rightward
    Answer: (D) Coriolis force is high Tropic of Cancer forcing most rivers to deflect rightward
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct structure of an ecosystem is basically a description of and physical features of environment including the and distribution of nutrients in a particular also provides information regarding the range of prevailing in the area. All ecosystems consist following basic components: Abiotic components dis correct: The amount of non-living nutrients, such as carbon, phosphorus, that are present at any given time is known as or standing quantity

36. #116Full-length test
    With reference to river Indus, consider the following statements 1. The Indus river basin spans over four countries. 2. The Indus Water Treaty is a water distribution treaty between India and Pakistan signed in 1960 that was brokered by the United Nations. 3. Satluj river originates in Tibet and it is the largest tributary of Indus river.How many of the above given statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct: The Indus system comprises Indus River, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and basin is mainly shared by India and Pakistan with share for China and 2 is incorrect: Under the Indus Waters between India and Pakistan in 1960 was brokered World Bank (Not by United 3 is incorrect: Chenab is the largest tributary Indus

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