UPSC Prelims PYQ › Geography › Rivers, Lakes & Drainage

Rivers, Lakes & Drainage — UPSC Prelims Geography previous year questions — page 2

116 solved previous year questions on Rivers, Lakes & Drainage, papers from 1991 to 2023, drawn from UPSC CDS, State PCS, UPSC CSE Prelims. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #41UPPCS 2007
   Which of the following countries are included in the 'Golden Crescent'? 1. Afghanistan 2. Iran 3. Iraq 4. PakistanSelect the correct answer from the codes given below
   • A1 and 2
   • B3 and 4
   • C1, 2 and 3
   • D1, 2 and 4
   Answer: (C) 1, 2 and 3
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct answer. Region 1 is Karakoram Range: The Karakoram Range stretches across Pakistan, China, India, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. It includes K2, the world's second-highest peak. This 500 km long range is the most glaciated place outside polar regions and is surrounded by various rivers and plateaus, holding geopolitical significance. Region 2 is Ladakh Range: The Ladakh Range, a southern extension of the Karakoram Range, stretches 230 miles from the Indus and Shyok rivers' confluence in Baltistan to Ladakh's Tibetan border. It forms the northeast bank of the Indus River and the west bank of the Shyok River, with an average height of around 6,000 meters and several significant mountain passes. Region 3 is Zanskar Range: The Zaskar Range, in the Himalayas of northern India and western Tibet, spans about 400 miles from the Karcha River to the upper Karnali River. Kamet

2. #42UPPCS 1991
   'Kalgoorlie' situated in Australia is famous for
   • AGold production
   • BGood Climate
   • CEducation
   • DPoultry
   Answer: (A) Gold production
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct correct matching of lakes with their locations is A. Sala Lake - 1. Arunachal Pradesh B. Badkhal Lake - 2. Haryana C. Loktak Lake - 3. Manipur D. Kaliveli Lake - 4. Tamil Nadu Important Tips Sala Lake: Sala Lake is a high-altitude lake located in the East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The lake is surrounded by snow-capped mountains and is a popular destination for trekking and camping. The lake is fed by the Sala River, which originates from the Sela Pass. Badkhal Lake: Badkhal Lake is a natural lake situated in Badkhal village near Faridabad, in the Indian state of Haryana. It is a biodiversity area within the Northern Aravalli leopard wildlife corridor stretching from Sariska Tiger Reserve to Delhi. Kaliveli Lake: Kaliveli Lake is a coastal lake and lagoon with wetlands in the Viluppuram District of Tamil Nadu state. Kaliveli Lake is a seasonal we

3. #43State PCS 2015
   The oldest oil Held in India is
   • ABombay High, Maharashtra
   • BAnkleshwar, Gujarat
   • CNavgam, Gujarat
   • DDigboi, Assam
   Answer: (D) Digboi, Assam
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct holds the distinction of having the among Indian states. This vast coastal stretch to numerous ports, including one major port and or minor ports. Gujarat's coastline features of attractions, including picturesque beaches like and Porbandar, making it a significant in India. Length of the Coastline of India State/UT Kmh Gujarat 1214.7 Andhra Pradesh 973.7 Tamil Nadu 906.9 Maharashtra 652.6 Kerala 569.7 Odisha 476.4 Karnataka 280 West Bengal 157.5 Goa 101 Andaman Nicobar 1962 Islands Lakshadweep 132 Puducherry 47.6 Daman Diu 42.5 Total

4. #44CGPSC 2017
   Which one of the following river valleys is most important in respect of coal reserves of the Gondwana period?
   • AThe Son River valley
   • BMahanadi river valley
   • CDamodar river valley
   • DGodavari river valley (e) None of the above
   Answer: (C) Damodar river valley
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct rivers Damodar, Koel, and Subarnarekha the Chhota Nagpur Plateau. The Damodar originates near Chandwa village in the Chhotanagpur hills in Bihar's Palarnau district. It flows through one of the richest mineral belts in the world before draining into the Hooghly, about 50 km south of Calcutta. Koel River originates on the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau a Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau 82.5 kilometres (51 mi) from Ranchi and conjoins the Belsiangar and Singbhum Rivers. The Koe! is fed by three streams in Jharkhand, namely the North Karo, South Karo and Koina. The Subamarekha River originates from Piska/Nagri (Rani Chuan) near Ranchi, on the Chota Nagpur nr.li Plateau. This river flows through the states of Jharkhand, orchards. West Bengal and Odisha before eventually emptying into 169. Solution: (b) the Bay of Be

5. #45CGPSC 2017
   Out of the following types of iron ore, a reserve of whkh type is largest in India?
   • AHematite
   • BMagnetite
   • CSiderite
   • DLimonite (e) None of these
   Answer: (B) Magnetite
   Explanation

   Sankh: The Sankh River flows through Option b is the correct answer. Chhattisgarh, and Odisha states in India, covering Lake is Asia's largest freshwater oxbow lake located total distance of 240 kilometers. It originates in the Begusarai district of Bihar. It is the only Ramsar site district, Jharkhand, and merges with the Koel River Bihar. Oxbow lakes form in flat, low plains where the river Odisha after passing through these states. It is not into another water body. It is a residual oxbow lake of Ganga River was created by the geological meandering of the Burhi North Koel: The North Koel rises on the Chhota River, a tributary of the Ganga. plateau and enters Latehar district, below Netarhat near Important Tips Rud. After flowing nearly due west for about 32 Km, it turns north at an almost complete right angle through Additional facts on Kanwar Lake: a gorge at Kutku, and flows through

6. #46Previous year
   Where are the Bermuda Islands located? [CDS
   • ACaribbean Sea
   • BNorth Atlantic Ocean
   • CGulf of Mexico
   • DMediterranean Sea
   Answer: (A) Caribbean Sea
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct correct matching of lakes with their locations is A. Sala Lake - 1. Arunachal Pradesh B. Badkhal Lake - 2. Haryana C. Loktak Lake - 3. Manipur D. Kaliveli Lake - 4. Tamil Nadu Important Tips Sala Lake: Sala Lake is a high-altitude lake located in the East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The lake is surrounded by snow-capped mountains and is a popular destination for trekking and camping. The lake is fed by the Sala River, which originates from the Sela Pass. Badkhal Lake: Badkhal Lake is a natural lake situated in Badkhal village near Faridabad, in the Indian state of Haryana. It is a biodiversity area within the Northern Aravalli leopard wildlife corridor stretching from Sariska Tiger Reserve to Delhi. Kaliveli Lake: Kaliveli Lake is a coastal lake and lagoon with wetlands in the Viluppuram District of Tamil Nadu state. Kaliveli Lake is a seasonal we

7. #47State PCS 2015
   Which of the following rivers crosses the Equator twice?
   • AZaire
   • BNiger
   • CNile
   • DAmazon
   Answer: (D) Amazon
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct source of multiple rivers, namely Brahmaputra, Indus, is found near Manasarovar Lake in Tibet. Brahmaputra: It originates at the Angsi Glacier, southeast of Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar. Sutlej: The Sutlej's source is located west of Lake Rakshastal, which is just west of Lake Manasarovar and south of Mount Kailash. Indus: The glaciers in the Kailash range near Mansarovar Lake serve as the source of the Indus River

8. #48Practice set
   With reference to 'Meanders', consider the following statements: 1. They are landforms associated with only flat-bottomed glacial valleys. 2. They are the result of both erosional and depositional processes.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • A1 only
   • B2 only
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2
   Answer: (B) 2 only
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct large flood and delta plains, rivers rarely flow in Loop-like channel patterns called meanders flood and delta l is incorrect: Meander is not a landform only a type of channel pattern. Meanders are the rivers in the middle and mature stage of the in the plain 2 is correct: Meanders are the result of and depositional processes. It is produced as erodes the sediments of an outer, concave bank) and deposits sediments on an inner, convex is typically a point bar

9. #49Practice set
   Consider the following pairs:Depositional Features Landforms made by 1. Point Bars Loop-like channel patterns developed over the flood and delta plains 2. Braided Network of river Channels channels separated by small islands 3. Oxbow lakes Separate body of water formed by cutting-off from a meanderHow many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • CAll three
   • DNone
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct l is incorrectly matched: Point bars are found on side of meander, of rivers and are sediments in a linear fashion by flowing waters along Natural levees are low, linear parallel ridges deposits along the banks of rivers, quite often cut mounds. Meanders are loop-like channel over the flood and delta 2 is correctly matched: A braided river, or consists of a network of river channels small, often temporary, islands called braid bars. also associated with rivers with rapid and in the amount of water they carry, i.e., with and with rivers with weak 3 is correctly matched: Oxbow lakes is a or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river off, creating a free-standing body of water. An forms when a meandering river erodes through the one of its meanders. This takes place because to grow and become more curved over time

10. #50Practice set
    to 'Delta Formation', consider the following statements: 1. Deltas are wetlands formed at the mouth of the river in its senile stage. 2. The high velocity of the river along with finer sedimentary load are the essential condition for delta formation. 3. The delta of river Ganga is shaped by the rise and fall of tides in the Bay of Bengal.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b.is the correct are wetlands that form as rivers empty their sediment into another body of water, such as an or another l is correct: Delta is a "depositional feature of formed at the mouth of the river. These are as rivers empty their water and sediment body of water, such as an ocean, lake, or It is a characteristic feature of a river in its (old 2 is incorrect: The slowing velocity of the the build--up of sediment allows the river to its single channel as it nears its mouth. Under a river forms a deltaic 3 is correct: The Ganga-Brahmaputra delta tide-dominated delta. It is shaped by the rise and fall in the Bay of Bengal

11. #51Practice set
    Rivers go through three main stages - the youthful or upper course, the mature or course, and the old or lower course. In this which of the following landforms are predominantly formed by the river in its upper course or youthful stage? L Inted ing spurs 2. Oxbow lakes 3. V.-shaped valleys 4. Rapids 5. Plunge poolsSelect the correct answer from the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B1, 3 and 5 only
    • C3, 4 and 5 only
    • D1, 3, 4 and 5 only
    Answer: (C) 3, 4 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct go through three main stages - the youthful or the mature or middle course, and the old or l is incorrect: Interlocking spurs are slopes that extend alternately from of a valley, each one fitting into the "gap" between slopes on the other side. Interlocking spurs are feature of mature 2 is incorrect: Oxbow lakes are formed during or lower stages of a river's development, when it has a and a meandering course. They are formed when river erodes the outer banks of a bend, river to take a new, straighter course and leaving the cut off from the main 3 is correct: V-shaped valleys are typically the youthful stage of a river's development, when a high gradient and a greater erosive power. The the sides and bottom of the valley, creating a 4 is correct: Rapids are formed wherever there sudden change in the river's gradient or where there such as rocks or boulders in the r

12. #52Practice set
    Which of the following water bodies in India are examples of Ox-Bow lakes? 1. Chilika Lake 2. Pulicat Lake 3. Kanwar Lake 4. Deepor BeelSelect the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C3 and 4 only
    • D1 and 4 only Practicebo
    Answer: (C) 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the lakes a.re U-shaped bodies of water that form river's meander becomes so pronounced that it erodes strip of land between two bends and creates a As a result, a part of the river is cut off from channel, and the water gets collected in a curved 1 is incorrect: Chilika Lake is not an example Ox-Bow Lake as it is a lagoon, which is a shallow body separated from the sea by a narrow strip of 2 is incorrect: Pulicat Lake is a brackish that is located at the border of Andhra Pradesh Nadu. The lagoon is separated from the Bay of a sand bar and is connected to the sea by a narrow 3 is correct: Kanwar jheel, as it is locally called, 22 km north-west of Begusarai town. It is a lake, formed due to meandering of Gandak river, of Ganga, in the geological 4 is correct: Deepor Beel is a large oxbow in the southwestern part of Guwahati city in It is a wetland of international importance R

13. #53Practice set
    Which of the following conditions are favourable for the formation of deltas? 1. Active lateral and vertical erosion at the upper course of the river. 2. Absence of heavy tides on coasts. 3. Presence of shallow sea adjoining the delta. 4. Presence of large lakes in the middle course of river. 5. Absence of strong currents running at right angles to the river mouth.Select the correct answer from the codes given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B3, 4 and 5 only
    • C1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Answer: (C) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct: Active vertical and lateral the upper course of the river is necessary to sediments to be eventually deposited as acts as a source of sedimentation for further 2 is correct: The coast should be tideless. If the coast is not sheltered, then may erode the deposition at the river mouth and may get washed 3 is correct: The sea adjoining the delta shallow or else the load will disappear in the Hence, presence of longer continental shelf is one key requirements of the formation of 4 is incorrect: There should be no large the course of the river to filter off the sediments. is an extensive deposition at middle of the river, presence of large lakes there will be not enough load deposited at the river mouth and hence a delta will be 5 is correct: There should be no strong at right angles to the river mouth. If such present, then they may wash away the sedimen

14. #54Practice set
    With reference to the terms related to the processes of erosion and weathering, consider the following pairs:Term Definition 1. Corrasion It is the mechanical grinding of the river's traction load against banks and bed of the river 2. Corrosion It is the gradual destruction or alteration of a material by chemical reaction. 3. Attrition It is the process by which transported materials undergo wear and tear when they collide and roll into each other.How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correctly matched: Corrasion or abrasion is grinding of the river's traction load and bed of the river. The rock fragments are the sides of the river and also roll along the the 2 is correctly matched: Corrosion is the or alteration of a material by chemical its environment. In geology, it often refers to of minerals in rocks by acidic water or 3 is correctly matched: Attrition is the process by materials undergo wear and tear when and roll into each other. This causes coarser break down into smaller stones and angular edges rounded. Finer materials are carried eventually deposited

15. #55Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the Meanders: 1. They are only formed at the upper course of the river mainly because of vertical erosion by the rivers. 2. Slip-off slope and River cliff are the landforms associated with the Meanders.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (B) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct answer. The middle course of a river has more energy and the upper course. The gradient is gentler and (sideways) erosion has widened the channel. channel has also become deeper. Meanders are found in this stage of the l is incorrect: A meander is a winding curve in a river. They are typical of the middle and of a river. This is because vertical erosion is a sideways form of erosion called deposition within the Statement 2 is correct: Deposition of sediment occurs inner edge because the river, moving slowly, its sediment load, creating a slip-off slope. The current on the outside bend has more erosive the tends to grow in the direction of the forming a river cliff

16. #56Practice set
    Which of the following statements best describes the term "River Piracy"?
    • AThe act of illegally taking over a river vessel by pirates
    • BThe process of stealing water from a river for irrigation purposes
    • CThe process by which a river captures the drainage of another river
    • DThe illegal transportation of goods through a river
    Answer: (C) The process by which a river captures the drainage of another river
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct capture, also known as river piracy or when one river captures the drainage of another eroding the divide that separates them. This is due in the rate of headward erosion into the by varying gradients or more erosive river enlarges its basin at the expense weaker river, eventually breaking through the divide the other point at which this occurs is called the elbow of the beheaded river is referred to as the misfit. The the elbow is called a wind gap and can serve as transportation route

17. #57Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct about River Rejuvenation? 1. River rejuvenation can lead to the formation of waterfalls and incised meanders. 2. The point where the old and rejuvenated profile of river meet is called Knick point.Select the correct answer using the codes below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    option c is the correct l is correct: River rejuvenation can lead number of changes in landscape. These include of waterfalls and rapids, Knick points, and incised meanders. Rejuvenated have complex landscapes because remnants of are locally preserved. Parts of floodplains preserved as terraces alongside the down-cutting 2 is correct: A Knick point is a point where and rejuvenated profile of river is met. it is also rejuvenated head. It is a point on the rivens there is a change in the gradient of the river nample of a visihle knick point would be a some Knick points can be concealed in

18. #58Practice set
    of the following options is the conred description of the geographical named 'Playas'?
    • AThese are depressions formed due to the of extra-terrestrial objects
    • BThese are depressions occur in the limestone regions where the bedrock contains water-soluble materials like gypsum
    • CThese are flat-bottomed depressions found in interi or desert basins
    • DThese are glacial depressions filled with water from melted glacier
    Answer: (C) These are flat-bottomed depressions found in interi or desert basins
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct c is correct: Playa, also called dry lake, are flat bottom depressions found in interior desert basins lo coasls within arid and semiarid regions. periodically covered by waler llial slowly filtrates ground water system or evaporates into the causes the deposition of salt, sand, and mud along and around the edges of the depression. It is a flat area at the lowest part of an basin. It is a location where ephemeral lakes wet periods, and is underlain by stratified clay, sand, and commonly, soluble salts. Example: Lake Australia, Lake Chad in central Africa, Sambhar Lake Important Tips Solution lakes occur in the basins where the bedrock contains water-soluble materials like limestone, gypsum, and dolomite. The bedrocks are dissolved by rainfall and percolation of water, thus producing cavities that are eventually filled by rainfall, giving birth to a solution lake.

19. #59Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. The most prominent stretch of limestone occurs in Yugoslavia. 2. Limestone regions are identified by general absence of surface drainage system. 3. In its purest form, limestone is made up of carbonates of calcium and magnesium.How many of the above statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct - The north west region is one of the prominent stretches of karst landform derives its name from the Karst 2 is correct -There is a general absence drainage as most of the surface water has Streams here only flow over limestone short distance and then, disappears underground. greater part of their course, they cut their way joints and fissures of the rock wearing out a system channels. The surface valleys are therefore 3 is incorrect - In its pure state, made up of calcite or calcium carbonate, but is also present it is termed dolomite. Chalk is pure form of limestone, white, and rather soft

20. #60Practice set
    Consider the following pairs:Lakes Formed by 1. Kettle lakes Glaciation 2. Tarns Volcanic activity 3. Karst lakes ErosionHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correctly matched. Kettle lakes are depressions outwash plain left by melting of masses of stagnant are formed by 2 is incorrectly matched. Cirque lakes or tarns by glaciation. A glacier on its way down the behind circular hollows in the heads of the valleys the mountains. Such hollows are cirques or carries. deepened floor may be filled with water to form or 1 is corredly mat,hed. The solvent action of on lime stone carves out solution hollows. When clogged with debris, karst lakes may form in are formed by erosion

21. #61Practice set
    Hanging Valley is a distinctive landform feature that occurs in nature. It is formed
    • Awhen two different glacier flows interact with each other
    • Bat the confluence of two rivers
    • Cdue to the denudational effect of rivers carrying solid load
    • Dat the mouth of a river. lfllt Practiceboo
    Answer: (A) when two different glacier flows interact with each other
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct carve a set of distinctive landform features as namely U-shaped valleys, fjords, and hanging valleys are formed by two different glacier interact with each other. A glacier with the amount of material flows into the main glacier more glacial material. With time, the bottom of the becomes lower than the elevation of the small the ice melts leaving the side valley is at an hanging) from the main valley valleys are smaller as compared to the main is a shallow canyon formed over a large Valleys are found high up on the sides of valleys

22. #62Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to 'River Capture': 1. River capture occurs when a strong river diverts a weak river from its original course. 2. The elbow of capture denotes the point where the course of the weak stream has been diverted.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct capture is a natural process which is more active in stage of the valley l is correct. River capture is the process strong river diverts a parallel weak river and forms stream through a pirate stream. It is a pirate advances towards the weaker stream and captures 2 is correct. The elbow of capture denotes where the course of the weak stream has been the course of the pirate stream. Generally, the elbow denotes sharp turn in the course of a river almost angle. Important Tips The water gap denotes the deep and narrow valley in the form of a gorge formed by the captor stream through headward erosion across the ridge. The beheaded stream (Z) is called the misfit. It is called misfit because of the fact that the former valley of the captured stream becomes too large and wide for the beheaded stream because of substantial decrease in the volume of water due to diversion

23. #63Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to 'meanders' formed in river systems: 1. Incised meanders are formed only during the Mature stage of rivers. 2. Entrenched meanders are asymmetrical whereas Ingrown meanders are symmetrical.Which of the above statements is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
    Explanation

    Option is the correct flowing pattern of river is largely determined of the area. If the river is flowing through delta plain, it will develop a loop like structure A meander forms when moving water in erodes the outer banks and widens its valley and part of the river has less energy and deposits l is incorrect. A meander is a pattern of not a landform characteristic. Incised Meanders the youth phase of the river. Incised meanders which are particularly well developed and a river's base level has fallen giving the river a of vertical erosion power, allowing it to down best developed incised meanders are those of the U.S.A., where the uplift feet in the renewed down-cutting to a fantastic 2 is incorrect. There are two types of entrenched meanders, and ingrown meanders are symmetrical and form river down cuts particularly quickly. Due to the the river down cuts, there is little opportunity

24. #64Practice set
    It is a type of material left behind by a moving glacier. This material is usually soil and rock. Just as rivers carry along sorts of debris and silt that eventually builds up to form deltas, glaciers transport all sorts of dirt and boulders that build up to form this material. The above paragraph describes which of the following material?
    • AMoraines
    • BEskers
    • CDrumlins
    • DOutwash planes
    Answer: (A) Moraines
    Explanation

    Option ais the correct moraine is a type of material left behind by a This material is usually soil and rock. Just as along all sorts of debris and silt that up to form deltas, glaciers transport all sorts of boulders that build up to form moraines. Moraines only show up in places that have, or used to have, glaciers. Glaciers are extremely large, moving rivers of ice. Glaciers shape the landscape in a process called glaciation. Glaciation can affect the land, rocks, and water in an area for thousands of years. That is why moraines are often very old. Moraines are divided into four main categories: lateral moraines, medial moraines, supraglacial moraines, and terminal moraines. Important Tips When glaciers melt in summer, the water flows on the surface of the ice or seeps down along the margins or even moves through holes in the ice. These waters accumulate beneath the glacier and flow l

25. #65Practice set
    Which of the following conditions are necessary for the formation of deltas? 1. Active vertical and lateral erosion in the upper course of the river. 2. Presence oflarge lakes in the river course. 3. Sea adjoining the delta should be shallow. 4. Strong current at right angle to river mouth.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B1, 2 and 4 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (A) 1 and 3 only
    Explanation

    } Option a is the correct delta is a tract of alluvium at the mouth of a river deposits more material than can be carried away. The by the river is dumped and spread into the sea. settled out first and a finer fraction of material and clay have flowed into the conditions favour the formation of deltas: Active vertical and lateral erosion in the upper course of the river to provide extensive sediments to be eventually deposited as deltas. The coast should be sheltered preferably tideless. The sea adjoining the delta should be shallow or else the load will disappear in the deep There should be no large lakes in the river course to filter off the There should be no strong current running at right angle to the river mouth, washing away the sediments

26. #66Practice set
    "It is a geographical landform occurring naturally as a depression/hole in an outwash plain formed by retreating glaciers". Which of the following geographical features is mentioned above?
    • AUvalas
    • BKettle Lakes
    • CSink Holes
    • DOxbow lake
    Answer: (B) Kettle Lakes
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct lakes are geological depression in a glacial made by the melting of a detached mass of glacial ice. range in size from 5 m to 13 km in diameter and up m in depth. When filled with water they are called Most kettles are circular in shape because of ice tend to become rounded; distorted or may result from extremely irregular ice a Kettles may occur singly or in groups; when large found together, the terrain appears as mounds and is called kettle and kame topography. Important Tips Uvalas are bigger sinkholes - a type of enclosed topographic depression. They are characteristic of karst regions on Earth formed due to erosional activity of the underground water. Sinkholes - a type of enclosed topographic depressions. They are characteristic of karst regions on Earth formed due to erosional activity of the underground water. Oxbow Lake is a depositional landform formed

27. #67Practice set
    Consider the following pairs:Lake Location 1. Lake Baikal Russia 2. Lake Tanganyika Japan 3. Lake Titicaca South Korea 4. Dead Sea TurkeyHow many pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct: Lake Baikal is located in Siberia, is the deepest lake in the world and is the world's by 2 is incorrect: Lake Tanganyika is located in region. Lake Tanganyika is the longest in the world (660 km) and the second deepest after in Russia. It forms the buumlary between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the boundary between Burundi and the DRC as well of the boundary between Tanzania and Zambia 3 is incorrect: Lake Titicaca is located in Peru. It world's highest commercially navigable lake is in Peru and Bolivia border at 3,812 m. It is largest lake in South 4 is incorrect: Dead Sea is located near Israel Asian region. The world's lowest lake is the Dead Israel and Jordan at 418 metres below sea level. also one of the lakes with highest salt concentration

28. #68Practice set
    Consider the following Grasslands: 1. Llanos 2. Campos 3. Pustaz 4. Pampas 5. PrairiesHow many of the above grasslands are example of tropical grasslands?
    • AOnly two
    • BOnly three
    • COnly four
    • DAll five
    Answer: (A) Only two
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct I and 2 are correct: Llanos and Campos are In South America, there are two distinct savanna north and south of the equator, namely of the Orinoco basin and the campos of the 3 is incorrect: Pustaz is a temperate of the Great Hungarian Plain. The Pustaz composed of treeless plains, saline steppes and salt includes scattered sand dunes, low, wet forests marshes along the floodplains of the 4 and 5 are incorrect: The South American prairies of North America are example of (not tropical grassland). Important Tips Tropical grasslands: Tropical grasslands include the hot savannas of sub- Saharan Africa and northern Australia. Rainfall can vary across grasslands from season to season and year to year, ranging from 10 to 40 inches annually. The Savanna or Sudan Climate or Tropical Grasslands is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial forests and the tr

29. #69Practice set
    Duncan Passage is a strait in the Bay of Bengal that separates which of the following two Islands?
    • ANorth Andaman and Middle Andaman
    • BMiddle Andaman and Southern Andaman
    • CSouthern Andaman and Little Andaman
    • DLittle Andaman and Car Nicobar
    Answer: (C) Southern Andaman and Little Andaman
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct Passage is about 48 km wide passage which Andaman (Rutland Island) in the north from in the south. Important Tips The Ten Degree Channel is a channel that separates the Little Andaman and Car Nicobar in the Bay of Bengal. Lakshadweep island group is separated from Maldives by the Eight Degree Channel

30. #70Practice set
    Consider the following pairs in the context of the Northern plains in India: 1. Bhanar Sand bars, meanders, and ox-bow lakes. 2. Tarai Marshy and swampy conditions. 3. Khadar Deposits of heavy materials like rocks and boulders.How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct answer. Pair l is incorrectly matched. The alluvial plains of the northern India have a Bhabar region which is a narrow to Shiwalik foothills at the break-up of the results in, deposition of heavy materials like boulders by the streams and rivers coming from At times, the streams disappear in this 2 is correctly matched. South of the Bhabar is where most of the streams and rivers reemerge any properly demarcated channel. This and. swampy conditions in this region. belt has a luxurious growth of natural vegetation a varied wild 3 is incorrectly matched. Khadar is a new region south of the Tarai and then the alluvial deposits) region. Khadar and Bhangar features of mature stage of fluvial depositional landforms such as sand bars, lakes and braided channels

31. #71Practice set
    With reference to Rann of Kutch, consider the following statements:l. It is famous for wide expanse of saline soil. 2. Sir Creek, a disputed region located in Rann of Kachchh. 3. Mahi is an important river which flows through Rann of Kachchh.How many of the above statements are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct - Rann of Kutch is the largest in the world. In the Rann of Kutch, the brings salt particles and deposits there as a 2 is correct - Sir Creek is the disputed Indian and Pakistan. It is located in Rann of Creek opens up in the Arabian Sea and roughly Kutch region of Gujarat from the Sindh Province 3 is incorrect - Luni is an important river into Rann of Kutch. Luni rises from Aravali ends in the marshy lands of Rann of river rises in Madhya Pradesh and flows and Gujarat and into the Gulf of Khambat

32. #72Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. It is a state which is traversed by the same latitude that passes through Gujarat. 2. It is the host of the famous Jampui hill range. 3. The famous Feni River originates in this state and it passes through Sabroom Town. The state referred above is?
    • AWest Bengal
    • BMizoram
    • CManipur
    • DTripura
    Answer: (D) Tripura
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct is a state in North-East India. It shares borders Mizoram and Assam. Tripura is surrounded on its north, south and west. The length of border is 856 km (84 per cent of its total is located on Tropic of Cancer which is an imaginary an angle degrees North from the Equator. It Gujarat (Jasdan), Rajasthan (Kalinjarh), (Shajapur), Chhattisgarh (Sonhat), West Bengal (Krishnanagar), Tripura Mizoram (Champhai). There are 'Five major hill traverse the State in roughly north-south direction. range is Jampui, being successively followed West by Unokoti-Sakhantlang, Longthorai, and Baramura-Deotamura. The highest peak of lies at Bethliangchhip (Thaidawar, m above the sea level. The state is connected with of India by that runs through Assam, Bengal, Kolkata and other parts of India

33. #73Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. Radcliffe Line demarcated the present border between India and Bangladesh. 2. The boundary line between India and China in Arunachal Pradesh is referred as Durand line. 3. The Kali River forms the boundary between India and Nepal in Uttarakhand region.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct l is correct. Radcliff Line had divided into three parts - West Pakistan, India and But in 1971, the Bengali people in East against their West Pakistani rulers. As a result, country came into being and is known as same Raddiffe Line which separated India and East Pakistan is the present border between India 2 is incorrect. The 1,140 km long India and China runs from the eastern Bhutan to a point near Diphu pass (Talu Pass) at of India, Tibet and line is usually referred to as the Mc Mahon Line Henry Mc Mahon, then foreign secretary of British negotiated the boundary agreement between and Tibet at Shimla accord in Durand Line is the international Pakistan and Afghanistan. Sir Mortimer drawn this line in 1893 between Afghanistan and India, which later got divided into two and Pakistan in 3 is correct. The Kalapani territory is an Indian administration as part of Pith

34. #74Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding 'Darjeeling Hill region': 1. The region slopes from North to South direction. 2. Mechi river is the longest flowing river originating from this hill range. 3. The Duar formations in the region are used for the development of tea gardens.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Hills region is the mountainous area on side of the state of West Bengal in India. belongs to the Eastern Himalaya l is incorrect: Darjeeling Himalayan abruptly from the Terai region. The from a south to north direction. The British, of the physical conditions such as moderate soil cover with high organic content, well throughout the year and mild winters, introduced in this 2 is incorrect: Teesta River is the longest originating from this hill range. Teesta river is long river flowing through the Indian states of and Sikkim through Bangladesh before emptying Bay of Bengal. Some other notable rivers of this Mechi, Balason, Rammam, Rangeet, Teesta, and 3 is correct: The 'duar formations' are and have also been used for the development of Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas are also their scenic beauty and rich flora and fauna, types of orchids

35. #75Practice set
    Which of the following peaks are located in the Andaman group of Andaman and Nicobar Islands? 1. Mount Thuiller 2. Saddle peak 3. Mount Diavolo 4. Mount KoyobSelect the correct answer from the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B1, 2 and 4 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (C) 2, 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct entire group of Andaman and Nicobar Island is two broad categories - the Andaman in the north Nicobar in the south. They are separated by a which is called the channel. It is these islands are an elevated portion of l is incorrect: Mount Thuiller is located in Nicobar. Its height is 642 m. It is the highest point Nicobar 2,3 and 4 are correct: Some important in Andaman group of Islands are: Saddle peak located in the North Andaman having a height 738 m. This is the highest peak of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Mount Diavolo located in the Middle Andaman, having a height of 515 m and Mount Koyob located in the South Andaman located in the 460 m

36. #76Practice set
    With reference to the Indus River, consider the following statements: 1. The Indus originates from Rakshas Tal Lake of the Tibetan Plateau. 2. Shyok and Gilgit are the Right-Bank tributaries of the Indus. 3. The river cuts across the Pir-Panjal range to form a gorge near Kashmir Valley.How many of the statements given above are correct? H
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Indus River System is one of the largest river the world that is a part of the Himalayan River It covers an area of 11,65,000 sq. km that has sq. km of its area in India. The total length of the river km with 1,114 km that lies in l is incorrect. The Indus River originates from near Bokhar Chu in the Tibetan region at an 4,164 min the Kailash Mountain range. The Satluj near Manasarovar from Rakshastal in the 2 is correct. The left bank tributaries of Jhelum River, Chenab River, Ravi River, Beas River, Zanskar River, Suru River, Soan River etc. bank tributaries of the Indus River are-Shyok River, Gilgit River, Gomal 3 is incorrect. The Indus River flows Ladakh and Zanskar ranges, it cuts across the forming a spectacular gorge near Gilgit. The flows parallel to Pir Panjal range through Pangi enters Jammu and Kashmir cuts a deep gorge

37. #77Practice set
    Which of the following are the east Peninsular Rivers in India? 1. Sharavati River 2. Bharathapuzha River 3. Pennar River 4. Brahmani RiverSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C3 and 4 only
    • D1 and 4 only
    Answer: (C) 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is incorrect. Sharavati River is a river in state of southern India. It rises in the and flows in a north-westerly direction to Sea. The river falls to a depth of 253 meters highest waterfalls in India, the Jog 2 is incorrect. The Bharathapuzha river is longest West Flowing River that drains into Sea in Kerala State. Its drainage area is 6,186 over the two states namely Tamil Nadu and APHY Option 3 is correct. The Pennar is a peninsular river India that covers the states of Andhra Pradesh It Rises in the Channakeshava hill of the range, in Chikkaballapura district of Karnataka towards east eventually draining into the Bay 4 is correct. Brahmani River is a river in northeastern Odisha state of India. It joins northern branches Mahanadi River, before emptying into the Bay of Palmyras Point. It is one of the few rivers that cut Eastern Ghats and forms a minor gorge

38. #78Practice set
    Which of the following statements are incorrect about Luni River? 1. The river is saline throughout its course. 2. It drains into the Arabian Sea. 3. The river forms a deep riverbed by easily eroding the sandy terrain of the desert. 4. Jojari is the only right-bank tributary of the Luni River.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B3 and 4 only
    • C1, 2 and 4 only
    • D1, 3 and 4 only
    Answer: (A) 1, 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is incorrect. Luni that originates from the of the Aravalli Range in Rajasthan's Ajmer freshwater during the first hundred kilometres but reaches Balotra in Barmer, the water starts to turn the rich salt content of the surface it flows 2 is incorrect. Luni river does not drain in Sea, rather being a part of the inland it ends in Barine, located at the north-eastern part marsh called the Rann of Kutch in 3 is incorrect. The major characteristic of River is that it tends to increase its width rather the bed because the banks are of soils, which erodible whereas beds are of sand. Since the terrain the river cannot cut a deep bed hence a wider created as the river moves forward and when there is the banks overflow instead of deepening the 4 is correct. The main tributaries of Luni are Sukri, Guhiya, Bandi (Hemawas) and Jojari is the only right-bank tributary while i

39. #79Practice set
    Which of the following rivers cut across the tropic of cancer? 1. Mahanadi 2. Narmada 3. Mahi 4. Son 5. BetwaSelect the correct option using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B1, 3, 4 and 5 only
    • C3, 4 and 5 only
    • D1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    Answer: (C) 3, 4 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct river that crosses the tropic of cancer are- Kali Sindh (tributary of the Chambal River), of river Chambal), Ken, Betwa, Son, Hugli

40. #80Practice set
    Which of the following rivers is/are the tributaries of Brahmaputra River? 1. Desang 2. Subarnarekha 3. Manas 4. Dhansiri GESelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 4 only
    • D1, 3 and 4 only
    Answer: (D) 1, 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l,3 and 4 are correct: The Brahmaputra in the north from Kailash ranges of Himalayas elevation of 5,150 m just south of the lake called and flows for about a total length of 2,900 km. tributaries or the North Bank tributaries of River are the Lohit, the Dibang, the Jiabharali, the the Manas, the Sankosh, Ronganadi, Buroi, Borgong, Jiabharali, and left tributaries or the South bank tributaries River are the Burhidihing, the Desang, the the Dikhow, Bhogdoi, Kulsi, Krishnai, Dhdhnoi, Jinjiran and the 2 is incorrect: Subarnarekha is not the Brahmaputra River. The Subarnarekha originates Ranchi Plateau in Jharkhand forming the West Bengal and Odisha in its lower joins the Bay of Bengal forming an estuary between and Mahanadi deltas. Its total length is 395 km

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