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Agriculture & Food Security — UPSC Prelims Economy previous year questions — page 3

137 solved previous year questions on Agriculture & Food Security, papers from 1998 to 2021, drawn from State PCS, UKPSC, UPPCS. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #81Practice set
   With reference to crops in India and the climatic conditions required for their growth, consider the following: "It is a crop of tropical and subtropical regions that needs a hot and humid climate with plenty of sunshine to grow. It grows best in temperature ranges between 25 to 30 degrees Celsius with an abundant rainfall of about 160-200 cm per year. Level or slightly undulating river basins with alluvial or loamy soils are best suited to grow them." Which of the following crops are grown in the conditions mentioned above?
   • ATea
   • BJute
   • CCoffee
   • DSorghum
   Answer: (B) Jute
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct bis correct: Jute is an important natural fibre crop next to cotton. It is used as raw material for and many other diverse applications, such industries, paper industries, building and use as soil saver, grows well in hot and moist climates. In India, region is excellent for jute cultivation as this fertile alluvium soil favourable temperature sufficient rainfall. A temperature range of 25 to Celsius combined with rainfall of about 160 - is ideal for jute growth. Humid weather results in It grows best on plain or gently rolling does not require slopes for growth. Hence this correct Important Tips Tea requires cool to warm temperatures with at least 5 hours of sunlight per day. Too high temperatures, like those around 30 degrees Celsius will ruin the Tannin content of the leaves. Also, tea is grown on hill slopes so that the soils are well drained and there is no w

2. #82Practice set
   Which of the following measures will result in raising cropping intensity? 1. Development of irrigation projects 2. Inter cropping 3. Relay croppingSelect the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1 only
   • B1 and 2 only
   • C2 and 3 only
   • D1, 2 and 3
   Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
   Explanation

   Option dis the correct Intensity assesses farmers' actual land-use and time relationships for each crop or group of to the total available land area and time land temporarily. It is given (in percentage terms) ratio of Gross Cropped Area to Net Cropped Area. terms, CI indicates the number of times a field with crops in a l is correct: A basic requisite for higher is the availability of water either or through irrigation. Irrigation and overall production. It also increases area (GCA) through an increase in 2 is correct: Inter-cropping is growing of two crops simultaneously on the same piece of land definite row pattern. Thus, cropping intensity in is achieved. Inter-cropping was as an insurance against crop failure under At present, the main objective of higher productivity per unit area in addition to production. Intercropping system utilizes and their productivity is 3 is correct: Rela

3. #83Practice set
   Which among the following can have impact on Crop Diversification? 1. Food and fodder self-sufficiency 2. Storage facilities 3. Contract Farming 4. Minimum Support PriceSelect the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1 and 4 only
   • B1, 2 and 3 only
   • C2, 3 and 4 only
   • D1, 2, 3 and 4
   Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
   Explanation

   Option dis the correct diversification refers to the addition of new crops systems to agricultural production on a taking into account the different returns from value added crops and complementary marketing opportunities. Food and fodder self-sufficiency would have an impact on Crop-diversification as that decides what kind of crops any farmer needs to grow. Crop-diversification comes into play only when the agriculture goes beyond subsistence farming. Similarly, storage facilities will ensure that variety of crops can be grown and the decision to grow a particular crop is not driven just by their shelf life. Contract farming can promote crop-diversification as it would allow companies to get specific crops for their usage. Crop diversification in India has been targeted through price policy also. Incentive structure provided under MSP regime leading to variation in return over cost acr

4. #84Practice set
   Which of the following statements are the advantages of Zero tillage farming? 1. Reduction in the crop duration and higher yields 2. Zero cost of inputs used for land preparation 3. Helpful in carbon sequestration 4. Reduces compaction of the soilSelect the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1, 2 and 3 only
   • B2, 3 and 4 only
   • C1, 3 and 4 only
   • D1, 2, 3 and 4
   Answer: (C) 1, 3 and 4 only
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct tillage is the process where the crop seed will through drillers without prior land preparation the soil where previous crop stubbles are tillage only reduces the cost of cultivation reduces the soil erosion, crop duration and and weed effect which is better than Tillage (ZT) also called No Tillage or Nil Tillage. Till approach was started in by the farmers in of zero tillage in the crop duration and thereby early be obtained to get higher yields. Hence option l in the cost of inputs for land preparation a saving of around Hence option 2 moisture can be effectively utilized and the irrigations can be matter and organic matter get added to the safe - Greenhouse effect will get to carbon sequestration. Hence option 3 is tillage reduces the compaction of the soil and water loss by runoff and prevents soil erosion. 4 is the soil is intact and no disturbance is done, N

5. #85Practice set
   Soil health is critical for healthy food production. Which of the following practices can help in reducing soil erosion? 1. Terrace farming 2. Contour farming 3. Crop rotation 4. Permaculture 5. Biodynamic farmingSelect the correct answer from the code given below
   • A1, 2, 3 and 4 only
   • B2, 3, 4 and 5 only
   • C1, 3, 4 and 5 only
   • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ummll
   Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ummll
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct erosion is a gradual process that occurs when the water or wind detaches and removes soil particles, soil to the given techniques of farming help in reducing l is correct. In terrace farming, a terrace is a the sloped plane that is cut into a series of platforms, that resemble steps. This prevents washing away soil, hence preventing soil 2 is correct. Contour farming is the practice sloped land along lines of consistent elevation in conserve rainwater and to reduce soil losses from 3 is correct. Crop rotation can improve soil fertility by alternating deep-rooted and In turn this can reduce soil erosion and capacity, thereby reducing downstream 4 is correct. Trees grown on permaculture the purpose of holding the topsoil layer preventing soil erosion. The goal of permaculture is the use of land so that it can be used food production or personal subsistence by It inc

6. #86Practice set
   Which of the following are the applications of Genome sequencing in Agriculture and allied sector? 1. Improve and design crops with enhanced resistance to pests and diseases. 2. To produce large quantities food on the limited amount of land 3. To produce superior quality livestock 4. To enhance stress tolerance in aquatic organismsSelect the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1, 2 and 3 only
   • B1, 3 and 4 only
   • C2, 3 and 4 only
   • D1, 2, 3 and 4
   Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct study of genes and gene functioning is the area Genomics targets to recognize the the genome together with gene mapping and fo agriculture, genomics aids to: - Improve design crops with enhanced resistance to factors that bfluence their growth such as pests, diseases, frost, floods and so on. Hence option l is To produce large food on the limited amount of land and to cultivate more nutrient-rich foods. Hence option 2 is correct. To breed disease resistant, superior quality livestock and to produce healthy herds. Genomics helps to accurately predict the genetic merit, to sharpen selective breeding, enhance desirable traits and increase animal health and welfare. Hence option 3 is correct. Genomics helps to improve aquaculture, quicker growth rates, improve disease resistance and enhance stress tolerance in aquatic organisms. As aquaculture produces vital high-qual

7. #87Practice set
   Consider the following statements regarding methods of cropping in agriculture: 1. Relay cropping is a method of multiple cropping where one crop is seeded into a standing second crop well before harvesting of second crop. 2. Strip intercropping strategy is most widely in growing tomatoes, eggplants and potatoes together. 3. Intercropping mechanism requires that different types of plants are grown in the same space at the same time.How many of the statements given above are correct?
   • AOnly one
   • BOnly two
   • CAll three
   • DNone
   Answer: (B) Only two
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct l is correct: Relay cropping is a method cropping where one crop is seeded into crop well before harvesting of second crop. may solve a number of conflicts such as of available resources, controversies in sowing application, and soil Statement 2 is incorrect: Strip intercropping is a version ofintercroppingwith rows big enough to be harvested with machinery. and potatoes are all from the nighhhadc they don't work well for intercropping. For one, they nutrients. As well, they attract similar pesls and to similar 3 is correct: Intercropping requires that of plants are grown in the same space at the same crop rotation is the concept of growing different plants in the same space at different times

8. #88Practice set
   Which of the following principles/practices are followed in Conservation Agriculture? 1. Direct seeding. 2. Crop rotation. 3. Covering soil with crop residues.Select the correct answer using the code given below: RE
   • A1 and 2 only
   • B2 and 3 only
   • C1 and 3 only
   • D1, 2 and 3
   Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
   Explanation

   Option dis the correct Agriculture (CA) is a farming system that losses of arable land while regenerating It promotes maintenance of a permanent soil soil disturbance, and diversification of l is correct: Direct seeding involves without preparalion and soil disturbance since the harvest of the The term direct seeding is understood in CA synonymous with no-till farming, zero tillage, drilling, etc. 2 is correct: Crop rotation is an followed in the conservation agriculture. A well designed crop rotation promotes good soil structure, diverse range of soil flora and fauna that contributes cycling and improved plant nutrition, and helps pests and 3 is correct: Keeping the soil covered is principle of CA. Crop residues are left on surface, but cover crops may be needed if the gap long between harvesting one crop and establishing Cover crops improve the stability of the CA only on the improveme

9. #89Practice set
   Which of the following are the applications of Nano technology in Agriculture? 1. Identificalion of in Plants. 2. Applying pestkiues herbicides in Field. 3. To treat wastewater in agricultural fields. 4. Facilitating gene sequencing of plants.Select the correct answer using the code given below
   • A1 and 4
   • B2, 3, and 4 only
   • C1, 2, and 3 only
   • D1, 2, 3 and 4
   Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
   Explanation

   Option dis the correct refers to the branch of science devoted to designing, producing, and devices, and systems by manipulating atoms at nanoscale, i.e. having one or more dimensions order of 100 nanometres (100 millionth of a l is correct: Nanotechnology like nano be used in crop protection for the identification and residues of agrochemicals in the 2 is correct: Nanoparticles can be used as mechanism for pesticides and herbicides, effectiveness while reducing the amount needed. result in reduced environmental impact and lower 3 is correct: Nanotechnology applications used for filtering wastewaters in agricultural will remove salts and other micropollutants waters. This provides sustainability of using irrigation with treated 4 is correct: Nanotechnologies can be applied variety of contexts, including genome sequencing, and discovery of transcription factor noncoding RNA expression pro

10. #90Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to various ag.t'kuhural pr ces: 1. Two or more varieties of seeds are mixed before sowing in Inter-cropping. 2. Use of Global positioning system (GPS) is a part of Precision farming. 3. Monocultural cropping pollutes groundwater supplies due to extensive use of fertilizers.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct systems refer to the different patterns of cultivating different crops and the methods employed production of different crop during the planting l is incorrect. Seeds are sown in separate intercropping, in a specific sequence. In contrast, there such order followed in the case of mixed cropping. are combined properly and mixed in the field in of mixed cropping. Conversely, no such mixing is intercropping, before sowing Statement 2 is correct. Precision farming is an approach management that uses information technology (IT) that the crops and soil receive exactly what they optimum health and productivity. It is an inputs are utilised in precise amounts to average yields, compared to traditional It uses a global positioning system (GPS) equipment field position to collect information inputs as required at each 3 is correct: Excessive use of synthetic Monoculture far

11. #91Practice set
    Which of the following are among the major constraints in oil palm cultivation in India? 1. Agro-climatic conditions suitable for oil palm cultivation in India is limited. 2. Oil palm has a long gestation period and restricts income flow to farmers. 3. Small holdings of farmers with limited resources. 4. Competition with other economically viable crops.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B2, 3 and 4 only
    • C2 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 4 mll,'ffl
    Answer: (B) 2, 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect. Agro-climatic conditions for cultivation in is well suited in India because: Oil palm is a humid tropical crop and thrives best in the areas where temperature ranges from to Generally, oil palms can be grown on wide range of 2, 3 and 4 are in Oil Palm cultivation are Oil palm has a long gestation period and restricts income flow to farmers for at least 4-5 years. Small holdings of farmers with limited resources. Competition with other economically viable crops such as rubber, arecanut, sugarcane, banana, coconut etc

12. #92Practice set
    With reference to Maize production, which of the following climatic conditions is/are favorable? 1. Maize requires frost and prolonged cloudy weather during the maturing period. 2. It is a kharif crop which requires temperature between 21 to 3. Well drained alluvial soil is required for its cultivation.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D2 only
    Answer: (B) 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is incorrect. Maize cannot with stand frost stage. Maize needs bright sunny days for its activity and rapid growth of plants. period is harmful for the crop but an and cloud of rain is the most ideal for its 2 is correct. Maize is a kharif crop which between to and rainfall of 50 to In some states like Bihar maize is grown in rabi 3 is correct. Well drained alluvial soil production. It can also be grown in mountainous can be grown in all types of soil. But for good productivity of maize, loam and medium to heavy bacteria and proper drainage is suitable. Saline soil are not suitable for maize cultivation. producing states are Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh

13. #93Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to the food parks in India: 1. NABARD provides for direct term loans to the Designated Food Parks in India. 2. The state government, cooperatives and corporates all are eligible for the direct term loan. Which of the above-given statements is/are correct? (cl) 2, 3 and 4 only Government Initiatives and Jijte.rnational.Agreements 139. Which of the following has occurred in agriculture sector after the economic reforms of 1991? 1. Gross capital formation in the agriculture sector has been consistently increasing since 1991 2. Government subsidies to the agriculture sector has declined. 3. Farmers are facing increased competition from international market. 4. Growth rate of agriculture sector has increased drastically.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2 (cl) Neither 1 nor 2 138
    • D3 only tn
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2 (cl) Neither 1 nor 2 138
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct: The Finance Ministry, in the setting up of a Special Fund of in NABARD for providing direct term loans rates of interest to Designated Food and food processing units in the DFPs. The are to provide impetus to development of processing sector on a duster basis in the reduce wastage of agricultural produce, and opportunities especially in rural 2 is correct: The following entities are the Fund for term loan assistance from NABARD: Entities promoted by State the Government of India, Joint Ventures, Vehicles (SPVs), Cooperatives, Cooperatives, Farmers' Producer Companies, Entrepreneurs etc

14. #94Practice set
    With respect to Agriculture Infrastructure fund, which of the following statement is/ are correct? 1. It's a short-term debt financing facility for investment in viable projects. 2. The fund was launched as a part of Atmanirbhar Bharat. 3. Interest subvention is provided up to a credit limit of 2 crore.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 Only
    • B2 and 3 Only
    • C1 and 3 Only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (B) 2 and 3 Only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct Agriculture Infrastructure Fund is a Central which provides a medium - long term debt for investment in viable projects for Infrastructure and community farming fund has been launched as part of 'Atmanirbhar India) to make farmers loan amount of Rs I lakh crore will be made available to over a period of four years. Farmers will also subsidy of three percent on interest, on loan amounting crore or less up to seven years

15. #95Practice set
    With reference to the E-Agricultural Markets Ltd. (BEAM), consider the following statements: 1. It is an electronic spot platform for agricultural commodities. 2. It will facilitate risk-free and hassle-free purchase and sale of various agricultural commodities. 3. It would help farmers across different states to reach out to markets in other states.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is correct: BSE E-Agricultural Markets is an electronic spot platform for launched by leading stock exchange BSE. function as a national level, institutionalized, commodity spot trading platform in line prime minister's vision to create a "single market" 2 is correct: The platform would facilitate commodities transactions across value of producers, intermediaries, ancillary consumers. BEAM would offer customized farmers, traders, and stakeholders to facilitate hassle-free purchase and sale of various According to the exchange, the ensure reduced cost of intermediation, efficiency, enhanced producers' realization competitive consumer prices. It will also help associated with procurement is correct: With the help of BEAM, farmers state would be able to reach out to markets in and auction their produce. This will not only and farmer collectives discover best prices

16. #96Practice set
    With reference to the 'Operation Flood' in India, which one of the following statements is incorrect?
    • AIt was launched by the United Nations under World Food Programme
    • BIt enhanced the knowledge and bargaining power of small and marginal farmers
    • CIt created a national milk grid linking producers with consumers
    • DIt reduced the seasonal and regional price variations
    Answer: (A) It was launched by the United Nations under World Food Programme
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct flood was launched by National Board (NDDB) in 1970. Due to dairy cooperatives under the programme, the small were able to avoid middlemen. This resulted knowledge and bargaining power of small farmers. It created a national milk grid throughout India with consumers in over and cities. It reduced the seasonal and regional It also ensured that the producer gets a of the price consumers pay, by cutting out middlemen

17. #97Practice set
    With reference to Minimum Support Prices, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Government fixes Minimum Support Prices for 29 mandated agricultural crops. 2. MSP is determined region wise and state wise as input cost of crop varies state wise. 3. MSP is fixed by Commission for Agricultural Costs Prices.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 Only
    • B3 Only
    • C2 Only
    • DNone of the above
    Answer: (D) None of the above
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct fixes Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) mandated agricultural crops and remunerative for sugarcane. MSP is determined for the country whole and not region or state-specific. Cabinet has of fixing the MSP on the recommendation for Agricultural Costs and Prices

18. #98Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to the minimum support prices: 1. The government provides MSP on wheat, groundnut, raw jute, tea and rubber. 2. All types of pulses produced in India are covered under the minimum support prices.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct mandated crops under MSP include 14 crops of season, 6 rabi crops and 2 other commercial Cereals (7) - paddy, wheat, barley, jowar, bajra, maize and ragi Pulses (5) - gram, arhar/tur, moong, urad and Oilseeds (8) - groundnut, rapeseed/mustard, toria, soyabean, sunflower seed, sesamum, safflower seed and nigerseed Raw Raw Copra De-husked Sugarcane (Fair and remunerative Virginia flu cured (VFC) MSP is provided on tea, coffee and rubber all types of pulses produced in India are not,EIJ Important Tips Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices. The minimum support prices are announced at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP). MSP is a "minimum price" for

19. #99Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. Nationalized minor forest produce are the one for which the trade monopoly lies with the state government. 2. Minimum support price is not provided by the government for nationalized minor forest produce.Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct: Nationalized Minor Forest the one for which the trade monopoly lies with the or its authorized agent. A state on the nationalized or non-nationalized status of forest 2 is correct: The Central government a minimum support price (MSP) for a select MFP through "Mechanism for Marketing of Minor through Minimum Support price and Value Chain of MFP" Solution: Option a is the correct 1 is incorrect: is a portal to provide for farmers to sell agricultural 2 is correct: It is a digital initiative that aims together the farmers, PSUs, civil supplies and a single platform to ease the selling and buying process 3 is correct: This portal was a joint state-run-auctioneer MSTC i.e., Metal Scrap Limited and Central Warehousing CRWC i.e., Central Railside Warehouse

20. #100Practice set
    With reference to purchase and sale of food grains by FCI, consider the following statements: 1. Procurement price is always equal to Minimum Support Price (MSP). 2. Issue price is slightly higher than the cost of procurement and distribution.Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is incorrect: Procurement price is the price FCI procures food grain from farmers. can be slightly higher than MSP to encourage sell their produce to the 2 is incorrect: Issue price is the price at which it food grains - to the TPDS or Open Market Sale. to make food grains affordable to the consumers, its issue price lower than the total cost of distribution

21. #101Practice set
    With reference to price stabilization mechanisms in agricultural sector, consider the following statements: 1. The chief purpose of the Price Stabilization Fund (PSF) is to ensure income security for farmers. 2. Import of perishable agricultural commodities are allowed as an activity under the Price Stabilization Fund. 3. Open Market Sale Scheme (OMSS) refers to the sale of food grains by the government to private traders/bulk consumers. 4. The reserve prices under Open Market Sale Scheme (OMSS) arc kept at levels equal to the economic cost of food grains.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1, 3 and 4 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (B) 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct answer. The chief purpose of the PSF is to manage volatility in of agricultural commodities like onion, potato, The volatility in the prices can be managed procurement as well as Open Market Sale Scheme is a mechanism the FCI with an aim to ensure adequate supply of in the market as well as to offload surplus reserve prices are kept above MSP but below cost of food grains. The prices are not set MSP so that the buyers remain attracted to purchase from the LTURE

22. #102Practice set
    Consider the following statements regarding the impact of Green Revolution in India: 1. Increase in inter-regional inequalities 2. Degradation of soil fertility 3. Decline in water table 4. Toxicity in the food chainHow many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four LTURE H
    Answer: (D) All four LTURE H
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct of the negative impacts of Green Revolution: Discrepancy in farmers' income increased the interpersonal as well as inter-regional disparities/inequalities in India. Rise in the incidence of malaria due to water-logging Soil fertility being degraded due to the repetitive kind of cropping pattern Water table falling down as the new HYV seeds required comparatively high amount of water for irrigation Environmental degradation due to excessive and uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. Toxic level in the food chain of India has increased

23. #103Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the government schemes to integrate the agriculture supply chain? 1. 'Kishan-rail' is launched by Indian railways for the seamless supply of perishable agricultural products. 2. Agri-udaan is launched by Civil aviation ministry for the seamless supply of perishable good to less accessible areas.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct 1 is correct: Kisan Rail is the train service Railways to transport perishable agri-products milk, meat and fish. It's a cold storage on wheels. It aims the income in farm sector by connecting to markets and consumption 2 is incorrect: AGRI-UDAAN a flagship programme to promote innovation in agriculture. It will mentor help them connect with potential investors. It focus perishable food products from the hilly tribals areas

24. #104Practice set
    Which of the following will ensure greater food security in the country? 1. Crop diversification. 2. Techniques like Aeroponics and hydroponics. 3. Push towards biofuels. 4. Phnting less water-intensive crops. 5. Coherent nutrition policies.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1, 2, 3 8nd vnly
    • B1, 2, 3 and 4 only
    • C1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Answer: (C) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct answer. TURE Option 1 is correct: Crop diversification leads to and stability in 2 is correct: Aeroponics and hydroponics can in the areas of poor soil quality and soil 3 is incorrect: The growth of the biofuel crops the land used for growing food 4 is correct: Planting crops with lower and agricultural practices that maintain can also contribute to 5 is correct: Coherent food and nutrition ensure food and nutrition security

25. #105Practice set
    With reference to Minimum Support Price (MSP), consider the following statements: 1. The Government is legally bound to pay MSP for all the crops for which the MSP is announced. 2. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the MSP to be paid.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 Only
    • B2 Only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (B) 2 Only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct l is incorrect: The Government is not to pay MSP even if open market rates for the are ruling below their announced floor lacks a law for giving MSP a legal 2 is correct: The Commission for and Prices (CACP) has been fixing MSP of crops five decades now. It currently fixes the MSP of 23 year

26. #106Practice set
    Consider the following statements in context of Ashok Dalwai committee on Doubling the Farmer's Income (DFI):lllt Practiceboo 1. It has suggested the launching of e-National Agriculture Market. 2. It has recommended the abolition of APMCs.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (A) 1 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is correct: The Ashok Dalwai committee the pan Indian online trading platform produce called as e-National 2 is incorrect: The committee did not suggest of abolition of APMCs. Instead, it has restructuring the current market system for new consisting of Primary Retail Agriculture Primary Wholesale Agricultural Markets

27. #107Practice set
    Consider the following statements to e-NAM and e-Kisan man di: 1. While e-NAM focuses on Agriculture Produce Marketing Committees, e-Kisan Mandi provides a common platform for trading agricultural commodities. 2. Unlike e-NAM, e-Kisan mandi does not levy o. service cho.rge on toto.l turnover. 3. Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium implements e-NAM whereas NAFED implements e- Kisan mandi.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct: e-NAM portal networks the (Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee) Marketing Committee (RMC) market yards, private markets and other to unify all the nationwide agricultural markets a central online platform for agricultural discovery. Unlike e-NAM, the e-Kisan mandis to bring farmers, agri-producers, traders and on a common platform for trading 2 is incorrect: e-Kisan mandi levies a The Farmer Producer Company (FPC), which the e-kisan mandis, will charge of the as service charge and the proceeds thereof will to meet operational expenses (salaries, electricity bills and local taxes, etc). There is no such laid on total turnover in case of 3 is correct: Small Farmers (SFAC) is the lead agency for under the aegis of Ministry of Agriculture Welfare. The FPCs under the National Marketing Federation of India Ltd. implement the functioning of e-Kisan Mand

28. #108Practice set
    Which of the are the reasons for the promotion of Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) plants in India? 1. To provide an alternate source of income to farmers. 2. For providing a clean and green alternative as transport fuel. 3. For the efficient management of municipal waste.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 2 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct 1 is correct: Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) can form agricultural wastes, thus will provide an alternate source of income to farmers. Farmer can by converting CBG into 2 and 3 are correct: Government of India a Sustainable Alternative Towards (SATAT) initiative to promote Gas (CBG). It promotes CBG as an alternative fuel and for efficient management of organic waste including municipal waste. As CBG produced from municipal waste as well as from forest waste including animal-husbandry and Important Tips Compressed Biogas (CBG) is a purified form of biogas. It can be produced from waste including municipal solid waste, sludge from wastewater treatment plants, market residues, agricultural residues, cattle dung, sugarcane press mud among others. This makes CBG a commercially viable option as it can be directly used to replace CNG in transportation fuel. Just like CNG, CBG

29. #109Practice set
    What is/are the feature (s) of a Farmer Producer Organization (FPO)? 1. It must be a non-legal entity. 2. It provides for sharing of profits among the members. 3. An FPO can be registered as a Cooperative Society. 4. An FPO is always owned by its members.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A2 and 4 only
    • B2, 3 and 4 only
    • C3 only
    • D1, 3 and 4 only
    Answer: (B) 2, 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is incorrect whereas statement 2 is "Farmers Producer Organisation" (FPO) is one type organisation where the members are farmers. Organisation (PO) is a legal entity formed producers, viz. farmers, milk producers, rural artisans, craftsmen. A producer be a producer company, a cooperative society or legal form which provides for sharing of among the members. In some forms like institutions of primary producers can member of 3 is correct: A Producer Organisation can producer company, a cooperative society or any form which provides for sharing of the members. Any FPO can be registered under Societies Act of the State or Central Govt. It called as a Cooperative 4 is correct: The ownership of the FPO is members. It is an organisation of the producers, by and for the producers. One or more individuals may have promoted the FPO by way in mobilization, registration, bu

30. #110Practice set
    Which of the following factors are used for the determination of minimum support price (MSP) for farmers by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices? 1. International Price Situation 2. Inter-crop price parity 3. Effect on cost of living 4. Trends in market prices 5. Effect on industrial cost structureSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 4 only
    • B1, 2, 3 and 5 only
    • C3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Commission for Agricultural Costs Prices MSPs for 22 mandated crops and fair price (FRP) for sugarcane. In formulating the recommendations in respect of the level support prices and other non-price measures, takes into account, apart from a of the entire structure of the economy of a or group of commodities, the following factors: Cost of production Changes in input prices Input-output price parity Trends in market prices Demand and supply Inter-crop price parity Effect on industrial cost structure Effect on cost of living Effect on general price level International price situation Parity between prices paid and prices received by the farmers. Effect on issue prices and implications for subsidy

31. #111Practice set
    Consider the following events related to development of agriculture in India: 1. Launch of Accelerated Irrigation benefits programme 2. Launch of Command area development programme. 3. Setting up of NABARD. 4. Launch of Svamitva scheme What is the correct chronological order of the above events, starting from the earliest?
    • A1-2-3-4
    • B2-3-1-4
    • C3-2-1-4
    • D2-1-3-4
    Answer: (B) 2-3-1-4
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 2: Command area development programme in 1974-75 to bridge / narrow the gap potential created and actually utilized in medium irrigation 3: NABARD is a statutory body 1982 under National Bank for Agriculture and Act, 1981. It is the apex banking provide finance for Agriculture and rural Accelerated Irrigation benefits was launched in 1996-97 to provide to major/medium irrigation projects in with the objective to accelerate implementation projects which were beyond resource capability of or were in advanced stage of 4: (Survey of Villages and Improvised Technology in Village Areas) scheme is effort of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Raj Departments, State Revenue Survey of India. The scheme was launched by Minister of India on National Panchayat Day th April 2020

32. #112Practice set
    Few of the strategies have been suggested for second green revolution. One of the strategies suggested has been explained below: "It is related to substantial use of microorganisms and particularly fungi. This concept was originated in China in 1986 and is picking up in India lately". Which strategy is being talked about in the above paragraph?
    • AWhite agriculture
    • BGreen agriculture
    • CBrown agriculture
    • DRed agriculture
    Answer: (A) White agriculture
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct agriculture is related to substantial use and particularly fungi. The white organism was originated in China in 1986 and up in India lately. In this context, white refers to scientists and technicians who perform processes to produce food directly from use them to improve green agriculture

33. #113Practice set
    With reference to crop insurance under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), Consider the following statements: 1. Enrolment under PMFBY is mandatory for loanee farmers of banks. 2. Damage to crops due to wildlife attack is also covered under PMFBY. 3. post-Harvest loss coverage is provided only up to a maximum period of two weeks from harvesting.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) insurance coverage to farmers in case failure, helping stabilise their incomes. The implemented through empanelled general l is incorrect: The scheme was revamped in made participation for all farmers voluntary Earlier, crop insurance was mandatory for farmers and voluntary for non-loanee 2 is correct: loss to crops arising out of is also covered under PMFBY crop It is included as add-on coverage under the Fasal Bima 3 is correct: Insurance coverage is available to a maximum period of two weeks from harvesting. for those crops which are required to be dried in cut / small bundled condition in the field after specific perils of Hailstorm, Cyclone, Cyclonic Unseasonal rains. Important Tips The crop risk covered under scheme includes

34. #114Practice set
    With reference to different measures taken in fields of research and education in agriculture, Consider the following statements: 1. In Neem coated urea, neem oil acts as nitrification accelerator for the release of nitrogen in soil. 2. Soil Health card measures electrical conductivity and organic carbon in soil. AGRIC 3. Effective recycling of farm products and waste material is the main purpose behind Integrated Farming System.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect: In Neem-coated urea, Neem as a 'nitrification inhibitor' when coated on urea. down urea hydrolysis and nitrification, it more gradual release of nitrogen in irrigation water is crops, which can be used by the plant and of 2 is correct: Soil Health Card is a printed a farmer will be handed over for each of his holdings. the status of his soil with respect to

35. #115Practice set
    With reference to various movements for land reforms in India, consider the following pairs:Movement Organised by 1. Great Land Bharatiya Khet Struggle Mazdoor Union 2. Bhu Adhikar Ekta Parishad Abhiyan 3. Pardi Ghasiya Land For Tillers Satyagraha Freedom (LAFTI)How many of the statements given above are correct? ULTURE
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct 1 is correct: The Great Land Struggle was an movement of 1970. It was organised by Mazdoor Union, All India Kisan Sabha and 15 lakh agricultural workers, poor peasants, workers and the poor from the towns participated struggle. It was the first militant mass movement at level in a true 2 is correct: Bhu Adhikar Abhiyan was a an NGO, named Ekta Parishad for rights of the and marginalised groups of farmers in in 3 is incorrect: Pardi Ghasiya Satyagraha was Gandhian movement in the grasslands of locally) Pardi Taluka of Gujarat. It lasted to 1967. It took place because most of the land by a few rich landowners who did not care for of For Tillers Freedom (LAFTI) was a NGO working reforms in the State of Tamil Nadu, especially in around Thanjavur

36. #116Practice set
    Which of the following is correct reason/ objective for the launch of Green Revolution in India? 1. To reduce poverty among the rural masses. 2. The per capita food availability was below 500 gram per day in 3. To increase the number of people engaged in the agriculture sector.Select the correct code from the options given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the Green Revolution was a government agricultural modernization. It was largely funded agencies that was based on providing high yielding variety (HYV) or hybrid seeds along with and other inputs, to l is correct: The Green Revolution's primary to alleviate poverty and malnutrition. The production led to increased farmer's income and to reduction in 2 is correct: Low food availability per a major factor to launch Green Revolution that fast increase in agricultural production. The food within India was insufficient in the years from 1960 as there was a growing population, during famine was also anticipated. Food availability was g per day per person. Compare this to 2021 data, availability of food grains in India for fiscal year to about 185 kilograms per 3 is incorrect: Increasing the number engaged in the agriculture sector was not an modernization was required to shift the

37. #117Practice set
    Consider the following statements: 1. Minimum support price (MSP) does not cover jute and cotton. 2. Commission for agricultural costs and prices (CACP) act as a support price organization to ensure minimum price to the producers. 3. Food corporation of India (FCI) recommends measures necessary to make the price policy effective.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (D) None
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct 1 is incorrect: Commission for Agricultural Prices (CACP) recommends MSP for twenty-two crops Remunerative Price (FRP) for sugarcane. Apart for which FRP is declared by the Department Distribution, twenty-two crops covered are Paddy, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Ragi, Arhar, Groundnut-in-shell, Soyabean, Sunflower, Cotton, Wheat, Barley, Gram, Masur Safflower, Jute and 2 is incorrect: To act as a support to ensure minimum price to the the function of FCI, not CACP. FCI undertakes storage, movement and equitable distribution grains at a reasonable 3 is incorrect: Recommending to make the price policy effective of food the function of CACP, not FCI. CACP advises on the of agricultural commodities, particularly paddy, jowar, bajra, maize, gram and other pulses, cotton and jute CACP recommends from time, in respect of different commodities, to make the price policy effective.

38. #118Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Green revolution? 1. Focus was given on improving the genetic component of traditional crops. 2. The crops introduced during the green revolution were water-intensive crops. 3. Cultivation of native pulses, such as moong, gram, tur, etc got reduced due to green revolution.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct 1 is correct: As a part of Green Revolution, made to improve the genetic component of This included selection for higher yield adaptation to diverse environments; short superior grain quality; resistance to biotic and pests; and resistance to abiotic stress, 2 is correct: The crops introduced during revolution were water-intensive crops. Most of are cereals, and almost of dietary water footprint constituted by cereals in India. Since the crop cycle is net water consumed by these crops is also really 3 is correct: Since the time of the green was reduced cultivation of indigenous varieties millets, lentils, etc. In turn, there was increased hybrid crops, which would grow faster. he native as moong, gram, tur, etc., and some other oilseed as mustard, sesame, etc., were not cultivated a larger scale than it was before. Important Tips The green revolution led to high p

39. #119Practice set
    With reference to the Indian agriculture, what is the objective of Command Area Development Programme? IJI
    • AIt aims for the utilization of irrigation potential and optimizing agriculture production from irrigated agriculture
    • BIt aims at promoting Sustainable Agriculture through climate change adaptation measures
    • CIt aims for providing end-to end solutions in irrigation supply chain
    • DIt aims to accelerate implementation of advanced stage irrigation projects held up due to financial constraints
    Answer: (A) It aims for the utilization of irrigation potential and optimizing agriculture production from irrigated agriculture
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct command area development programme (CADP) in the year 1974-75 under Centrally with the objective of fast utilization of potential and optimum agriculture irrigable was restructured and renamed as Command and Water Management in 2004. It is being implemented under Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) as a component Khet Ko Pani. From July, 2016 onwards, the is focused on the mission mode the 99 Priority Irrigation projects through

40. #120Practice set
    Consider the following statements with reference to SMART-PDS (Scheme for Modernisation and Reforms through Technology in Public Distribution System): 1. It is a system where smart ration cards are issued to beneficiaries of the Public Distribution System (PDS). 2. Fingerprints of the beneficiaries are recorded to ensure transparency in transactions. 3. It takes leverage of the usage of Cloud and new-age technology.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct: SMART-PDS is a system ration cards are issued to beneficiaries of the system, and ration is given through fair on the production of the smart ration card by of the beneficiary 2 is correct: Fingerprint template of is recorded in these smart ration cards, all transactions. The SMART-PDS is an initiative Department of Food and Public Distribution the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and 3 is correct: This scheme aims to transform PDS IT ecosystem by leveraging the usage of new-age technology

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