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Agriculture & Food Security — UPSC Prelims Economy previous year questions — page 2

137 solved previous year questions on Agriculture & Food Security, papers from 1998 to 2021, drawn from State PCS, UKPSC, UPPCS. Each carries the printed answer key and the explanation from the source compilation.

1. #41Previous year
   In which one of the following States, more than area is under Jhum cultivation? (CAPF 2022)
   • AManipur
   • BAssam
   • CSikkim
   • DMizoram
   Answer: (A) Manipur
   Explanation

   Option a is the correct Manipur, more than of the land is under The practice is most common in the hill Manipur, where the population is largely tribal. Important Tips Shifting cultivation, locally called 'Jhum', is a widely practiced system of crop cultivation among the indigenous communities of Northeast India. The practice, also known as slash-and-burn agriculture, is when farmers clear land by slashing vegetation and burning forests and woodlands to create clear land for agricultural purposes The bush and the weeds can be removed easily. The burning of waste materials provide needed nutrients for the cultivation. It gives a family its food, fodder, fuel, livelihood and is closely linked to their identity. Because of cutting of forests and trees, this practice leads to soil erosion and may also effect the course of rivers

2. #42UPSC CAPF 2020
   In which of the following states, high yielding varieties of food grains were introduced as part of the first phase of Green Revolution (1966-72)? 1. Andhra Pradesh 2. Tamil Nadu 3. Punjab 4. HaryanaSelect the correct answer using the codes given below
   • A1, 2 and 3
   • B2, 3 and 4
   • C1 and 2
   • D3 and 4
   Answer: (D) 3 and 4
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct Revolution refers to a period in India when use seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides etc. drastically enhanced agriculture Revolution within India commenced in 1966, an increase in food grain production, especially in Haryana as both the states were part of first phase Revolution. Important Tips MS Swaminathan was considered as the father of green revolution in India. Green Revolution 2.0 aims at expanding the benefits of green revolution in all parts of country and it also aims to go beyond Rice and Wheat crops and to adopt crop diversity

3. #43UPSC CAPF 2020
   Fixation of price levels for wheat and rice by the commission for Agriculture costs and Prices (CACP) is an example of?
   • AAdministered Price
   • BMarket Price
   • CControl price
   • DSupport Price
   Answer: (D) Support Price
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct of price levels for wheat and rice by for Agriculture Costs and Prices an example of Support Price. Minimum Support is a form of market intervention by the India to insure agricultural producers against any in farm prices. Important Tips Minimum Support Price Government announces minimum support prices (MSPs) for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative price (FRP) for sugarcane. The mandated crops are 14 crops of the Kharif season, 6 rabi crops and two other commercial crops. In addition, the MSPs of toria and de-husked coconut are fixed on the basis of the MSPs of rapeseed/mustard and copra, respectively. The minimum support prices are announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) On the recommendations of CACP, the MSP

4. #44State PCS 2017
   The following item consists of two statements, statement I and statement II. Examine these two statements carefully andselect the correct answer using the code given below. Statement I: Plantation farming has mostly been practiced in humid tropics. Statement H The soil of humid tropics is highly fertile. Code
   • ABoth the statements are individually true and statement is the correct explanation of statement 1
   • BBoth the statements are individually true, but statement is not the correct explanation of statement 1
   • CStatern.ent I is true, but statement is false
   • DStatement 1 is false, but statement is true
   Answer: (C) Statern.ent I is true, but statement is false
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct I is correct: Plantation farming has mostly in humid tropics. The warm and wet climate humid tropics provides favorable conditions for of cash crops on large-scale 2 is incorrect: Tropical soils are more and have fewer nutrients and a range that adversely affect growth as a consequence higher temperatures and, in some areas, rainfall to are exposed

5. #45UPSC CAPF 2017
   Which one of the is not correct about organic fanning?
   • AIt does not use genetically modified seeds
   • BSynthetic pesticides or fertilizers are not used
   • CIt uses minimal crop rotation
   • DIt uses ecolo gically protective practices
   Answer: (C) It uses minimal crop rotation
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct farming uses crop rotation as a key practice soil health, prevent pest and disease increase crop yields and quality. Crop rotation is of growing different crops in succession on the to avoid exhausting the soil and to control weeds, diseases. Important Tips Organic farming is an agricultural system that uses fertilizers of organic origin, such as compost, manure, green manure, and bone meal. It avoids or largely excludes the use of synthetic substances, such as pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, and growth hormones. Organic farming also emphasizes techniques such as crop rotation, companion planting, biological pest control, mixed crnpping, and the fostering of insect predators

6. #46UPSC CAPF 2014
   With reference to the various multi-purpose projects in India, which one among the following statements is not correct?
   • AMachkund Project is a joint venture of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha
   • BParamb ikulam Aliyar Project is a joint venture of Kerala and Tamil Nadu
   • CMayurakshi Project is a joint venture of Odisha and West Bengal
   • DChambal Valley Project is a joint venture of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
   Answer: (C) Mayurakshi Project is a joint venture of Odisha and West Bengal
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct Mayurakshi River is located in the Indian state of The Mayurakshi Project a joint venture and West Bengal, is multi-purpose project Mayurakshi River. The project was constructed in and and provides irrigation, flood control, power to the two I. Solution: Option b is the correct is defined as the process of nutritional value of food crops by various plant breeding, agronomic practices and techniques. It is the idea of breeding increase their nutritional value

7. #47Previous year
   ou the same field in a definite is known as: [CDS 2021
   • Amixed cropping
   • Binter cropping
   • Cmixed farming
   • Dhybrid farming ] I
   Answer: (B) inter cropping
   Explanation

   Option b is the correct answer. Intercropping refers to the practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field in a specific pattern. It involves planting different crops in close proximity to maximize land utilization and increase agricultural j i productivity. The crops selected for intercropping are typically chosen based on their compatibility, complementary growth patterns, and ability to mutually benefit each other. Important Tips Mixed cropping- Growing multiple crops simultaneously on the same land, like wheat and mustard together. Intercropping- Growing different crops together in proximity, such as maize and beans, where the beans provide support to the maize plants. Mixed farming- Integrating crop production and livestock rearing, like cultivating wheat and corn alongside raising dairy cattle. Hybrid farming- Combining traditional farming with modern techni

8. #48UPSC CDS 2020
   The number of people per unit area of arable land is termed as
   • Aagricultural density
   • Barithmetic density
   • Cphysiological density
   • Deconomic density
   Answer: (C) physiological density
   Explanation

   Option c is the correct density is the number of people per unit arable land, measuring its utilization. Because of and trees, this practice leads to soil erosion and affect the course of rivers. Important Tips Higher physiological density indicates a greater pressure on the agricultural land to support the population's food needs. Lower physiological density suggests a more favorable situation with a relatively larger availability of agricultural land per capita. Agricultural density: The number of farmers per unit area of arable land. Arithmetic density: The population of a country divided by its total land area

9. #49UPSC CDS 2020
   Which one of the following is not a type of commercial agriculture?
   • ADairy farming
   • BGrain farming
   • CLivestock ranching
   • DIntensive subsistence agriculture
   Answer: (D) Intensive subsistence agriculture
   Explanation

   Option d is the correct subsistence agriculture is not a type of Intensive subsistence agriculture refers to system in which farmers cultivate small land with high labor input. This type of agriculture practiced in densely populated regions, rely on their own labor and simple tools to for their own consumption. Dairy farming and livestock ranching-all are different forms agriculture

10. #50UPSC CDS 2019
    Which one of the following factors is not considered in determining the Minimum Support Price (MSP) in India?
    • ACost of production
    • BPrice trends in international and domestic markets
    • CCost of living index
    • DInter-crop price parity
    Answer: (C) Cost of living index
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct factor that is not considered in determining the India is (c) Cost of living index. While the is relevant in measuring changes in the overall living for individuals, it is not directly related to of the MSP for agricultural produce. Support Price (MSP) is the minimum price set government to support farmers and ensure they fair income for their agricultural produce Important Tips The CACP, an office under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, provides recommendations for Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) for 22 crops as well as the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) for sugarcane. The recommended crops cover 14 kharif season crops, 6 rabi crops, and 2 other commercial crops

11. #51UPSC CDS 2019
    If one plots the tank irrigation in India and superimposes it with map of well irrigation, one may find that the two are negatively related. Which of the following statements explain the phenomenon? 1. Tank irrigation predates well irrigation. 2. Tank irrigation is in the areas with impervious surface layers. 3. Well irrigation requires sufficient groundwater reserves. 4. Other forms of irrigation are not available.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1, 2 and 3
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C3 and 4
    • D1 and 4
    Answer: (B) 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct phenomenon of tank irrigation and well irrigation related in India can be explained by the 2 is correct: Tank irrigation is in the impervious surface layers: Tank irrigation systems are commonly found in regions with impervious such as hard rock or clayey soil, which prevents percolation of water into the ground As a result, of tanks and reservoirs helps in the storage of rainwater for irrigation 3 is correct: Well irrigation requires reserves: Well irrigation relies on of groundwater reserves. It is in areas where the water table is high and there significant presence of groundwater. In regions where is prevalent, the need for well irrigation is the stored rainwater in tanks serves as a reliable for irrigation. Therefore, the availability of reserves, which is necessary for well be limited in areas with well-established tank 1 (Tank irrigation predates well not a

12. #52UPSC CDS 2015
    Private investment in agriculture is inostly on laboult' saving mechanization, This could be a response to
    • Arising productivity of agricultural sector
    • Brising inequality in agriculture
    • Crising wages and tighter labour market
    • Ddebt write-off by the government
    Answer: (C) rising wages and tighter labour market
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct shift towards labor-saving mechanization in in Indian agriculture can be attributed to wages and a tighter labor market. As wages the availability of labor becomes limited, agricultural businesses seek ways to reduce on labor by adopting mechanized technologies. This allows them to increase reduce costs in the face of labor scarcity and

13. #53UPSC CDS 2014
    Which of th.e following statements regarding jlmm cultivation in are correct? 1. It is largely practised in North-Eastern Indian States. 2. It is referred to as 'slash and burn' technique. 3. In it, the fertility of soil is exhausted in a few years.Select the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1 and 2
    • B2 and 3
    • C1 and 3
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct 1 is correct: Jhum cultivation, also known cultivation or slash-and-bum agriculture, is farming practice that is largely practiced in Indian states Statement 2 is correct: Jhum cultivation involves clearing a patch of land by cutting down vegetation and then burning it. This technique is commonly referred to as the "slash and burn" technique. Statement 3 is correct: One of the challenges of jhum cultivation is that the fertility of the soil is often exhausted within a few years of cultivation. The repeated cycles of clearing, burning, and cultivation in the same area can lead to a decline in soil fertility over time. Important Tips Jhum cultivation is primarily practiced in the hilly regions of North-Eastern Indian states such as Mizoram, Nagaland, Manipur, and Meghalaya. Jhum cultivation follows a cyclical pattern. After clearing and burning a plot of land, crops

14. #54Practice set
    Which of the following were the main causes for stagnation of Indian agricultural sector during colonial period? 1. Exploitative land revenue settlements. 2. Large scale Commercialisation of agriculture. 3. Lack of irrigation facilities. 4. Low levels of technology.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B1, 2 and 3 only
    • C1, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (C) 1, 3 and 4 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct statements 3 are 4 are stagnation in the agricultural sector was caused of the various systems of land settlement that by the colonial government particularly, zamindari this, low levels of technology, lack of and negligible use of fertilisers, all added up the plight of the farmers and contributed to level of agricultural was, of course, some evidence of a relatively of cash crops in certain areas of the country due of agriculture. But there was no large scale commercialisation of agriculture and thus be attributed as a reason behind the stagnation of agriculture sector during the colonial some progress made in irrigation, India's starved of investment in terracing, and desalinisation of soil

15. #55Practice set
    With reference to price ceiling in India consider the following statements: 1. It is only imposed on essential items. 2. It may result in excess demand or shortage of product. 3. Minimum Support Price (MSP) for agricultural goods is a type of price ceiling.How many statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is incorrect. Price ceiling is generally (and imposed on essential items like wheat, rice, It is fixed below the market-determined price since market-determined price some section of the not be able to afford these 2 is correct. Price ceiling may end up of a product. For example - To ensure wheat to everyone, ration coupons are issued to so that no individual can buy more than a of wheat and this stipulated amount of wheat is ration shops. But since all consumers may not by the quantity of the goods that they get from price shop, some of them will be willing to pay for it. This may result in the creation of black 3 is incorrect. MSPs are not price ceiling. goods and services, fall in price below a is not desirable and hence the government sets minimum prices for these goods and services. imposed lower limit on the price that may for a particular good or service

16. #56Practice set
    to the Competitive Behaviour and Competitive Structure, consider the following: 1. Generally the more competitive the market structure, less competitive is the behaviour of the firms. 2. The greater the ability of an individual firm to influence the market in which it sells its product, the less competitive will be the market structure.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is correct. Competitive behaviour market structure are, in general, the more competitive the market structure, is the behaviour of the firms. On the other the less competitive the market structure, the is the behaviour of firms towards each instance, Coca cola and Pepsi compete with each other variety of ways to achieve a higher level of sales or a of the we do not find individual farmers themselves to sell a larger amount of crop. This both Coke and Pepsi possess the power to mark el price of soft drinks, while the individual 2 is correct. A perfectly competitive market defined as one where an individual firm is unable the price at which the product is sold in the greater the ability of an individual firm to influence in which it sells its product, the less competitive structure

17. #57Practice set
    Which of the following indicators are used by National Statistical Office (NSO) to prepare the Advance Estimates of GDP? 1. Index oflndustrial Production (IIP). 2. Advance Estimates of Crop production. 3. Accounts of Central State Governments. 4. Passenger and Freight earnings of Railways. 5. Financial performance of Listed Companies in the Private Corporate sector.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B1, 2 and 4 only
    • C2, 3, 4 and 5 only
    • D1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct NSO releases the Advance Estimates. The are obtained by extrapolation of indicators like Index of Industrial Production (IIP) of first 7 months of the financial year. financial performance of Listed Companies in the Private Corporate sector available up to quarter ending September. 1st Advance Estimates of Crop production. Accounts of Central State Governments information on indicators like Deposits Credits, Passenger and Freight earnings of Railways, Passengers and Cargo handled by Civil Aviation, Cargo handled at Major Sea Ports, Sales of Commercial Vehicles, etc., available for first 8 months of the financial year

18. #58Practice set
    With respect:to planning in India, which of the following statements is are incorrect about Gandhian Plan? 1. The plan laid more emphasis on agriculture than industrialization. 2. The plan agreed with Bombay Plan on a dominant role of state in the economy. 3. It was formulated by the Gandhian Jaiprakash Narayan.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 3 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (B) 2 and 3 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct. The Gandhian plan laid on agriculture than industrialization. supported as it was necessary for promoting of village level 2 is incorrect. It was in disagreement plan on many issues like centralized role of state in the economy and emphasis 3 is incorrect. The plan was formulated by Agarwal (and not Jaiprakash Narayn) in 1944

19. #59Practice set
    Why, despite the implementation of green revolution, a large proportion of India's workforce continued to be engaged in the agriculture sector? 1. Agriculture became a highly profitable business in all over India. 2. The industrial sector failed to generate sufficient employment opportunities. 3. The manufacturing and service sector were experiencing negative growth rate until 1991.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 only
    • C1, 2 and 3
    • D1 and 3 only
    Answer: (B) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is incorrect. The Agricultural was limited to wheat and rice. These crops in tew states ot India like Punjab Haryana, etc. So, the farmer from other areas started looking livelihood. Agriculture did not become a business in all over 2 is correct. The industrial sector's not very significant this thus, could not provide employment opportunities to labour from agricultural industrial sector in India failed to generate opportunities in order to attract and agricultural 3 is incorrect. The manufacturing and were facing slow and not negative growth. This led unemployment in India failed to achieve structural with economic growth and economists call this an important failure of our during 1950-1990

20. #60Practice set
    Which of the following is the objective of the Participatory Guarantee Scheme (PGS)?
    • AIncentivising farmers to grow organic food
    • BFacilitating the participation of women in research activities
    • CIncreasing palm oil production in the country
    • DEnsuring participation of MSMEs in government procurements
    Answer: (A) Incentivising farmers to grow organic food
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct Agriculture Ministry introduced Scheme to incentivize more farmers to food. PGS is a process of certifying organic ensures that their production takes place in laid-down quality standards. The certification is in of a documented logo or a statement. Important Tips PGS is a process in which people in similar situations (small producers) assess, inspect, verify the production practices of each other take decisions on organic certification. Individual farmers or group of farmers smaller than five members are not covered under PGS. They either have to opt for third party certification or join the existing PGS local group

21. #61Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Kisan Credit Card? 1. KCC (Kisan credit card) does not provide credit for consumption requirements of farmer honseholcls, 2. Share croppers and Tenant Farmers are not eligible under this scheme. 3. All beneficiaries under PM Kisan Samman Nidhi scheme can get a KCC (Kisan credit card)Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B2 only
    • C3 only
    • D2 and 3 only
    Answer: (C) 3 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is incorrect. Under KCC, credit is also the consumption requirements of farmer 2 is incorrect. Sharecroppers, tenant an oral lessee are eligible for the 3 is correct. Under PM Kisan Samman all farmers can avail up to every year income support. So, all beneficiaries under PM Nidhi scheme can get a KCC (Kisan credit card)

22. #62Practice set
    With reference to Pradhan Mantd Kisan Samman Nidhi, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Eligible farmers can self-register themselves for the scheme. 2. Institutional land holders are also eligible for the scheme. 3. Responsibility of identification of beneficiaries' rests with the Central Governments.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 Only
    • B1 Only
    • C1 and 3 Only
    • D2 and 3 Only
    Answer: (B) 1 Only
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct l is correct: Eligible farmers can do their self registration through the Farmers Corner in the PM 2 is incorrect. All Institutional Land not be eligible for benefit under the 3 is incorrect: The entire responsibility of beneficiary farmer family rests with / UT Governments

23. #63Practice set
    The Union Commerce and Industry Minister virtually inaugurated e-SANTA. It is an electronic marketplace providing a platform to
    • AConnect the MSME's with the bankers for availing loans facilities offered under various government schemes
    • BAct as an alternative marketing tool between aqua-farmers buyers
    • CProvide support to emerging start-ups through industry academia collaboration
    • DNone of the above
    Answer: (B) Act as an alternative marketing tool between aqua-farmers buyers
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct stands for Electronic Solution for farmer's trade-in is an electronic marketplace providing a connect aqua farmers and buyers. Further, the also act as an alternative marketing tool between buyers by eliminating middlemen

24. #64Practice set
    Which of the following are objectives of the 'operation green' scheme? 1. Price stabilisation for and consumers. 2. Reduce post-harvest losses. 3. Strengthen Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs).Select the correct answer using the codes given below
    • A1 only
    • B1 and 2 only
    • C2 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Greens is a price stabilization scheme that ensure farmers are given the right price for their aims to promote Farmer Producers Agri-logistics, processing facilities and of agri-produce. It aims for price producers and consumers; and reduction in by creation of farm gate infrastructure and capacity. Important Tips Operation Green covered Tomato, Onion and Potato (TOP) crops, and was extended during June 2020 to cover all fruits vegetables (TOTAL) for a period of six months

25. #65Practice set
    Among the following initiatives, which of the following are components of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana? 1. Har Khet Ko Pani 2. Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme 3. Per Drop More Crop 4. Watershed DevelopmentSelect the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 3 Only
    • B2 and 4 Only
    • C1, 2, 3 Only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) has which are as under: Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme- To focus on foster completion of ongoing Major and Medium Irrigation Projects. Har Khet Ko Pani- Creation of new water sources through minor irrigation; and repair, restoration renovation of existing water bodies; Per Drop More Crop to promote water use efficiency Watershed Development for effective management of runoff water and improved soil moisture conservation

26. #66Practice set
    With reference to the key terms associated with the World Trade Organization (WTO), consider the following: 1. Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) refers to an option available for countries to impose additional temporary duties on imports when there is a surge in imports at a lower price. 2. Green box subsidies in agriculture refers to the trade-distorting government subsidies and need to be curbed at any cost. 3. Peace Clause is invoked by India to justify the MSP regime for National Food Security Programme. 4. De Minimus refers to the minimum level prescribed towards product-specific and non-product-specific agricultural subsides.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (C) Only three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct. Special Safeguard Mechanism an option under the Agreement on Agriculture for countries to impose additional temporary agricultural when there is u surge in imports lower 2 is incorrect. Green Dox Subsidies a, e that don't distort free trade or distort the at a very minimal or negligible level. The subsidies is publicly funded government expenditure on agriculture research agricultural training, subsidies programmes etc. Green box non-price supportive thus are exempted from of Aggregate Market Support 3 is correct. Peace clause was introduced in 2013. The 'peace clause' said that no country legally barred from food security programmes even if breached the limits specified in the WTO agriculture. The Peace Clause is used by India to MSP regime in agriculture to support its NFSA security 4 is correct. "De Minim us" refers to the prescribed in Agreement

27. #67Practice set
    Consider the following statements about Codex Alimentarius, a term often seen in the news: 1. Codex Alimentarius is a collection of internationally adopted food standards. 2. The Codex Alimentarius Commission was set up jointly by the WHO and UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). 3. India is one of the members of Codex Alimentarius Commission.How many of the above given statements arc correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (C) All three
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct: The Codex Alimentarius is of internationally adopted food standards texts presented in a uniform manner. These and related texts aim at protecting and ensuring fair practices in the food 2 is correct: The Codex Alimentarius is an intergovernmental body established jointly UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation (PAO) World Health Organisation (WHO) in 1963, framework of the Joint Food Standards Programme the health of consumers and ensure fair practices food 3 is correct: India became the member of in 1964. Currently the Codex has 189 Codex Members made up of Countries and 1 Member Organization Union). Important Tips To develop and expand worldwide standards for spices and culinary herbs, and to consult with other international organisations in the standards development process Codex Committee on Spices and Culinary Herbs (CCSCH) was formed in 2013 wi

28. #68Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding farm mechanisation? 1. Fragmented land holding is one of the major challenges for farm mechanization. 2. Farm mechanisation is promoted through RKVY (Rashtriya krishi vikas Yojna), NMOOP (National mission on oils seeds and oil palm).Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 onty
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2 m
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is correct. Due to continuous decreasing agricultural land more lands will fall in the making individual ownership of gradually and more 2 is correct. Farm mechanization is SMAM (sub mission on agricultural NFSM, NHM, NMOOP etc

29. #69Practice set
    After Independence, what could have been the primary reasons for implementing ceiling on land holdings? 1. Provide Social justice. 2. Reduce inequality. 3. Introducing High-yielding varieties of agricultural crops. 4. To increase Farm Mechanization.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B1, 2 and 3 only
    • C1, 2 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct l is correct. The general position in favour of was based largely on providing social justice It was thought that surplus land could be poor people. The ceiling laws aimed at redistribution among the landless poor 2 is correct. Land ceiling minimize inequality land ownership and thus reduces inequality of 3 is incorrect. The Green Revolution in India in the by introducing high-yielding rice and wheat. Green revolution for its success sized laud holding as in Punjab and 4 is incorrect. Farm mechanisation requires holdings whereas land ceiling promotes small

30. #70Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/ are correct regarding the 'Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KV KVK is an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System. 2. It conducts on-farm testing of agricultural technologies. 3. The KVK scheme is financed by the Central Government.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 and 3 only
    • C1 and 2 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is correct. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is part of the National Agricultural Research It aims at assessment oflocation specific in agriculture and allied enterprises, assessment, refinement and 2 is correct. The mandate of KVK is and Demonstration for its Application Development. To implement the mandate effectively it conducts cm-farm testing to assess the of agricultural technologies under 3 is correct. The KVK scheme is Govt. of Indio. The KVKs arc sanctioned to ICAR institutes, Non-Government Organizations in Agriculture. Important Tips Other activities envisaged for Krishi Vigyan Kendras are: Frontline demonstrations to establish production potential of technologies on the farmers' fields Capacity development of farmers and extension personnel to update their knowledge and skills on modern agricultural technologies To work as Knowledge and Resource Centre of

31. #71Practice set
    With reference to High yielding variety (HYV) of seeds consider the following statements: 1. They provide early maturity period of crops. 2. They provide dwarf stems to resist wind damage. 3. They are highly susceptible to insects, pests and diseases. 4. They provide high responsiveness to fertilizers.Which of the statements given above are correct?
    • A1, 2 and 3 only
    • B1, 2 and 4 only
    • C2, 3 and 4 only
    • D1, 2, 3 and 4
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct l is correct. High yielding variety (HYV) enhances the productivity in agriculture. Seed estimated to account for of productivity. early maturity of crop by shortening the lite plant. This helps the farmer to practices multiple 2 is correct. HYV provide dwarf stems to damage and can also carry heavy load of 3 is correct. Crop based on HYV seed are to insects, pests and diseases. This is due fact that new variety needs heavy dose of irrigation These conditions facilitate lead to fast growth 4 is correct. HYV seeds gives much higher compared to older seed when same amount of applied

32. #72Practice set
    Which of the following statements is/are incorrect regarding land use pattern in India? 1. Net sown area represents the total area sown once or more than once in a particular year. 2. Under the calculation of Gross cropped area, the area sowed more than once in the same year is counted only once. J. Cropping is Lhe ratio of net sown area to the gross cropped area.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B3 only
    • C1 and 3 only
    • D1, 2 and 3
    Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is incorrect. Net sown area represents the sown with crops. But the area sown more than once same year is counted only 2 is incorrect. Gross cropped area represents area sown once and/or more than once in a year, i.e., the area is counted as many times as there in a 3 is incorrect. Cropping intensity is the ratio gross cropped area to net sown area

33. #73Practice set
    With respect to ground water utilization in India which of the following statements is/ are incorrect? 1. Major portion of ground water extracted is used for industrial purpose. 2. Ground water utilization is very high in the state of Kerala.Select the correct answer using the code given below
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct 1 is incorrect: Tndia is the largest extractor water in the world. This is due to large irrigation on groundwater resources. As per Water Board 2006, about of the ground used by agriculture sector and remaining for industrial 2 is incorrect: The groundwater utilization is in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and However, the states like Chhattisgarh, Odisha, utilize only a small proportion of their

34. #74Practice set
    to tank irrigation in India, consider the following statements: 1. Share of tank irrigated area to the total irrigated area in India is around 2. Maharashtra has the largest area with tank irrigation in India.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 only
    • B2 only
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct l is incorrect. A tank is a reservoir for small lake or pool made by damming the valley of a retain the monsoon rain for later use. It accounts of the net irrigated area in 2 is incorrect. Tank Irrigation is popular in plateau area where Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu are the leading states. Andhra Pradesh largest area of tank irrigation in India followed Nadu (23

35. #75Practice set
    to canal irrigation consider the following statements: 1. The concentration of canal irrigation is primarily practiced in Peninsular India. 2. Surface of soil under canal irrigation may become salty and unfit for agriculture over a period of time. 3. Areas under canal irrigation suffers from extensive leaching.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • A1 and 2 only
    • B3 only
    • C2 only
    • D2 and 3 only
    Answer: (C) 2 only
    Explanation

    Option c is the correct l is incorrect. Canal irrigation is almost peninsular India due to rocky and uneven deltaic areas do have some canals. The of canal irrigation is in the Northern plains especially the areas comprising Uttar Pradesh, 2 is correct. Canal irrigation can lead to like 'reh' where surface of soil becomes salty for 3 is incorrect. Canal irrigation is capillary action (and not leaching) where alkaline brought to the surface

36. #76Practice set
    With reference to well irrigation consider the following statements: 1. Reht and Dhinghly are methods for lifting water from well. 2. Uttar Pradesh has the highest area under well irrigation. 3. Fishing is carried out in wells in Northern India at a large scale.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option bis the correct l is correct. Persian wheel, charas or and reht are some popular methods for from 2 is correct. Uttar Pradesh has the highest well irrigation followed by Rajasthan (10 Statement 3 is incorrect. Fishing is not carried out in is carried on in tanks which supplements both resources and income of the farmer

37. #77Practice set
    With reference to the 'Organic Farming' in India, which one of the following statements is incorrect?
    • AOrganic farming is inherently more labour intensive and time consuming than conventional agriculture
    • BThe input costs for production and marketing of crops grown through organic farming is higher than conventional farming
    • CInitial periods of organic farming are marked by lower yields of crops making it less attractive for marginal farmers
    • DHigher water consumption by the organic crops makes it limited to the areas having irrigation facilities
    Answer: (D) Higher water consumption by the organic crops makes it limited to the areas having irrigation facilities
    Explanation

    Option d is the correct farming is an agricultural system that based pest controls and biological largely from animal and plant wastes and nitrogen fixing cover farming has its own challenges in Indian above statements talk about the problems associated a is correct. Organic farming requires between a farmer and his crop for intervention and weed control. It is inherently intensive and time consuming than Organic system required more labour b is correct. Production and marketing costs grown through organic fanning are typically crops grown through conventional c is correct. In many cases the farmers loss in yields on discarding synthetic inputs of their farming method from conventional Small and marginal farmers cannot take the low yields for the initial 2-3 years on the conversion d is incorrect. In organic farming, both and the concept of keeping the as much as possible reduces soil er

38. #78Practice set
    Consider the following pairs:Type of 1. Organic This method strictiy Farming prohibits the use of fertilizers, including bio-fertilizers 2. Regenerative This method promotes Farming silvopasture for improving soil health. 3. Natural This method Farming integrated crops, trees and livestock with functional biodiversity. 4. Integrated This method essentially Farming involves growing two different crops on the same land to maximize land use.How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • COnly three
    • DAll four
    Answer: (B) Only two
    Explanation

    Option b is the correct 1 is incorrect: Organic farming strictly prohibits of synthetic fertilizers, but it promotes the use The commonly used bio-fertilizers Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum 2 is correct: Regenerative agriculture aims to health. For this purpose, the method Silvopasture is the practice of forage, and the grazing of domesticated animals in beneficial way. 3 is correct: Natural farming is a method of is based on the principles of spiritual ecology. It holistic approach to farming that seeks to mimic and relationships found in nature, without the external inputs such as synthetic fertilizers or emphasizes on interconnectedness of all living thus, promotes integrated management of livestock etc. with the other aspects of the 4 is incorrect: Simultaneous growing of two or is an essential requirement of the inter-cropping of the integrated farming. Integrated farming pr

39. #79Practice set
    Consider the following crops: 1. Wheat 2. Barley 3. Bajra 4. Mustard 5. ChickpeaWhich of the crops given above are majorly grown in Rabi season in India?
    • A1, 2 and 4 only
    • B1, 3 and 5 only
    • C1,2 and 5 only
    • D1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    Answer: (D) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    Explanation

    Option dis the correct are three distinct Crop Seasons in the northern parts of the country, namely Kharif, Rabi and Rabi season begins with the onset of winter in and ends in March-April. The low during this season facilitate the cultivation and subtropical crops such as wheat, gram Jrharif Hice, Coll.on, Rlee, Ragt, Jtme,September Maize, Jowar, Tur Jownr, Groundnut Grum. Rupeseeds Rice, Maize, October - March and Mustard, Badey Groundnut, Jowar Vegetables. Fruits, Rice, Vegetables, Aprl unc Fodder I is correct: Wheat needs a cool temperature growing season in the range of 14 degrees Celsius to Celsius. The rainfall requirement is 50 cm to 90 for harvesting, wheat requires bright sunshine warm weather. Hence, its cultivation in India is winter i.e. rabi 2 is correct: Barley requires around 12-15 during growing period and around 30 at maturity. Therefore, in India, it is grown winter 3 i

40. #80Practice set
    With reference to the practice of Crop Rotation, consider the following statements: 1. Growing of cereal and leguminous crops together is an example of crop rotation. 2. It does not have any bearing on the soil structure. 3. It leads to improved pest resilience of crops.How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • AOnly one
    • BOnly two
    • CAll three
    • DNone
    Answer: (A) Only one
    Explanation

    Option a is the correct answer. Statement l is incorrect: Crop Rotation refers to the agronomic practice of planting different varieties of crops in the same field in a pre-planned succession throughout the year. The crop rotation does not mean the crops are grown together but one after the another. Statement 2 is incorrect: The benefits of the practice of crop rotation are not simply limited to replenishing and improving the nutrient profile of the soil of the field where it is practised. It also has the effect of improving the soil structure of the field: It improves the moisture retention capacity as well as soil aeration due to different types of roots systems involved, It improves the soil organic content as the remains of the last crop act as green mulch. There is reduced soil erosion as previous crop remains act like a green 3 is correct: One of the other advantages of rotation sy

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